37
CHAPTER II RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this chapter the research question would finally meet its‘ answer for the first time in this paper. The answer would be deducted from the results and
findings during the data processing. This chapter only consists of one main part since there is only one research question in this paper. Mainly this chapter will
discuss how swear words in The Raid Redemption and The Raid 2: Berandal occur based on McEnery classification of bad words. First excerpts from The Raid
Redemption will be discussed then The Raid 2: Berandal will be discussed next. Finally the finding will be grouped into a table.
A. Research Result
This section sums up the excerpts above and the process of ‖coding‖ began Ary et al. 2010. Next a ―chart‖ is drawn from the classifications, which
presented as a table Weiss 1999. The process of coding was done by paying attention to the description of each category of BLW proposed by McEnery. Table
2.1 was presented in accordance to the original sequence proposed by McEnery in his book 2007. However, after further reconsideration and it was also stated in
the previous chapter, the whole classification would be grouped into three smaller subgroups.
The total occurrences of BLW in each subgroup could be revealed but it did not represent the whole picture of the occurrences of BLW since the numbers
38 did not represent all the occurrences. Some occurrences could not be in two
subgroups in the same time but there were quite many that could be in two subgroups in the same time. It turned out that overlapping among categories is
possible in McEnery‘s classification of BLW yet among subgroups it was not possible. For now, it is proven that the subgroup suggested by the researcher is
correct.
The Categorisation Of Bad Language No Code Description
The Raid I The Raid 2
1 Predicative negative adjective 2 Adverbial booster
3 Cursing expletive 16
3
4 Destinational usage 5 Emphatic adverbadjective
6 Figurative extension of literal meaning 29
17
7 General expletive 5
4
8
Idiomatic ‗set phrase‘ 2
9 Literal usage denoting taboo referent
6 16
10 Imagery based on literal meaning 2
11 Premodifying intensifying negative adjective 12
‗Pronominal‘ form with undefined referent 8
6
13 Personal insult referring to defined entity 14
‗Reclaimed‘ usage—no negative intent
15 Religious oath used for emphasis
Table 2.1 Occurrence of Swear word in The Raid Movie Series There were 70 occurrences of BLW found in both movies, 37 occurrences
found in the first movie and 33 occurrences found in the second movie. There were seven categories that were found overlapping one another. Those are cursing
expletive, figurative extension of literal meaning, general expletive, literal usage PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
39 denoting taboo referent,
Idiomatic ‗set phrase‘, Imagery based on literal meaning and ‗pronominal‘ form with undefined referent. The overlapping combinations of
those categories found were: 1.
Cursing expletive + figurative extension of literal meaning. There were 18 occurrences found in both movies. 16 occurrences found in the first
movie and only three occurrences found in the second movie. 2.
Figurative extension of literal meaning + general expletive. There were nine occurrences found in both movies. There were five occurrences
found in the first movie and four more in the second movie. 3.
Figurative extension of literal meaning + ‗pronominal‘ form with undefined referent. There were 14 occurrences in both movies.
Uniquely this combination was evenly distributed in both movies. Seven occurrences found in the first movie and seven more in the
second movie. 4.
General expletive + literal usage denoting taboo referent. There was only one occurrence found in both movies, precisely it was found in the
second movie. 5.
Literal usage denoting taboo referent + ‗pronominal‘ form with undefined referent. There were two occurrences found in both movies.
This combination was also found evenly distributed in both movies. 6.
Imagery based on literal meaning + idiomatic ‗set phrase‘. There were only two occurrences found and all of them are in the first movie.
40 The first subgroup was the categorization that was based on the structural
function of the BLWs in a sentence. Predicative negative adjective, adverbial booster, emphatic adverbadjective, idiomatic ‗set phrase‘, premodifying
intensifying negative adjective, ‗pronominal‘ form with undefined referent category belong to this subgroup. There were 16 occurrences belongs to this
group. Only one category that occurred in both movies, namely ‗pronominal‘ form with undefined referent category. ‗Pronominal‘ form category was quite popular
in both movies with eight occurrences in the first movie and six occurrences in the second movie. Idiomatic ‗set phrase‘ only occurred twice in the first movie and
none occurred in the second movie. The second subgroup was the categorization that was based on the purpose
of the word in a conversation. Cursing expletive, destinational usage, general expletive, personal insult referring to defined entity and ‗reclaimed‘ usage—no
negative intent belong to the second group. Only two categories occurred in the second subgroup. Cursing expletive and general expletive were the only two
categories that occurred in this subgroup. General expletive occurred five times in the first movie and four in the second movie. Cursing expletive occurred 16 times
in the first movie and three times in the second movie. Uniquely all categories in the third group occurred in both movies and this
subgroup managed to categorize each occurrence of BLW. Figurative extension of literal meaning occurred 46 times in both movies with 29 occurrences for the first
movie and 17 in the second movie. Literal usage denoting taboo referent occurred 22 times with six occurrences in the first movie and 16 occurrences in the second
41 movie. Only imagery based on literal meaning that occurred twice and only in the
first movie.
B. Discussion
Kategori