strategy used by the teacher in activating the students’ prior knowledge in the phase of before, during and after reading activity.
3.2.2 Reading Comprehension Achievement
Reading comprehension achievement in this research deals with the result in the form of score of the students’ reading comprehension test covering identifying
general information and specific information that are achieved by the Eleventh Grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Jombang in the 20152016 academic year after they are
taught by using PLAN strategy and conventional method.
3.3 Research Area Determination Method
The area of this research was determined by using purposive method. According to Arikunto 2002:139-140, purposive method is employed by the
researcher to decide the area of the research because of the certain purposes. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Jombang in the Eleventh Grade
Students. This school was chosen purposively for some excuses i.e.: 1 based on the results of the informal interview with the English teacher of grade eleventh, it was
known that PLAN strategy has never been taught before by the English teacher in teaching reading comprehension, 2 there was no previous research has been
conducted in this school related to the usage of PLAN strategy in teaching reading comprehension, 3 based on the results of the informal interview with English
teacher of grade eleventh, it was found that among four-skills that has been taught such as reading, listening, writing and speaking, the students’ score of reading and
listening shows the lowest score, and 4 the headmaster and the English teacher of grade eleventh of SMA Negeri 1 Jombang gave a permission to conduct a research.
3.4 Research Participants Determination Method
In this research, the data of the Eleventh Grade Students’ population was gained from the preliminary study which conducted in October 10
th
, 2015. The data
was contained the Eleventh Grade Students’ name lists from XI MIA 1 up to XI IIS 5. The data given by the English teacher was determined as the supporting data in this
research. The population of this research was the eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Jombang in the 20152016 academic year. There were 9 classes of the
eleventh grade with the total number of 282 students, in which each class consisted of 30 up to 32 students that were taught by two teachers. They were divided into 9
existing classes as presented in the following table. Table 3.1 The Number of The Eleventh Grade Students of SMAN 1 Jombang in the
20152016 Academic Year
NO Class
Male Female
Total 1
2 3
4 5
6 7
8 9
XI MIA 1 XI MIA 2
XI MIA 3 XI MIA 4
XI IIS 1 XI IIS 2
XI IIS 3 XI IIS 4
XI IIS 5 15
11 7
9 11
6 14
13 11
16 20
24 21
21 26
18 19
20 31
31 31
30 32
32 32
32 31
TOTAL 97
185 282
Data resource: The Documentation of SMAN 1 Jombang 2016
In this research, the researcher took four certain classes which were taught by one single English teacher. the four classes taken were XI IIS 1, XI IIS 2, XI IIS 4
and XI IIS 5. Thus, to determine the respondents, the researcher used Cluster Random Sampling. This type of sampling chosen because the large of population and it is
impossible to choose the students one by one randomly Cohen, Manion and Morrison, 2007:112.
In this research, the researcher needed two classes to be the research respondents. In determining the research respondents, the researcher analyzed the
Eleventh Grade Students’ reading score obtained in the odd semester by applying
ANOVA formula. The result of ANOVA analysis showed that the F value was 0.260, while the value of F table in the 5 significance level was 2.6783. Based on the
output, the result of F was lower than that of the F table 0.260 2.6783. Thus, it can be said that there were no differences among the four classes. The population was
homogeneous. Afterward, the researcher decided the experimental group and the control group by using lottery. And based on the lottery, it was stated that class of XI
IIS 5 was considered as the experimenatal group and class of XI IIS 2 belonged to control group.
3.5 Data Collection Methods
