to say anything about both persons, then mark as incorrect. If the test taker does not respond to each question after 5 seconds, mark as incorrect and move on to the next
question. 2. What is the motherwoman doing to the childboy?
Scoring: Correct1
Incorrect 0
[Answer: The motherwoman is having the childboy drink
watersomething.] 3. What do you think is the main message of this picture?
Scoring: Correct1
Incorrect 0
[Possible answers: When a child has diarrhea, we need to have them drink water;
about how to treat a child when he is ill; telling about health] When the respondent says one of the possible answers or something similar to
that, mark as correct.
Total number of correct answers: 3
4.2.1.3 Test of discerning shapes
The ability to compare and classify similar andor different shapes and objects is a fundamental skill for discriminating letters or syllables. Like other primers or pre-primers
in Nepali and other languages of Nepal, the Easter Tamang Primer Book 1 includes a section designed to develop such discrimination skills prior to teaching letterssyllables
and numbers. Three sample test items are presented in the box below.
P-c. Precursor literacy skills – Discerning shapes
[Time allocated for reading aloud and answering the questions: 2 minutes] -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions: This is a test with a student sheet and some cards with different shapes drawn on them. The assessor will mark responses on a recording sheet for each
test taker. The assessor says: ―I will show you some sets of shapes. Please look at the
shapes presented on the sheet and answer the questions. ‖
1. Look at the set of shapes carefully and point to the shape which is different
from the others
.
Scoring: Correct1
Incorrect 0
2. Look at another set of shapes carefully and point to the shape which occurs more than once.
Scoring: Correct1
Incorrect 0
If the respondent points to any one of or all of four circles, the item is correct;
otherwise it is incorrect. 3. Here are ten cards. Each card has one shape on it. Look at the cards carefully,
and then sort them into groups of identical objects.
■ ● ▲ ♦ ▲ ● ♦ ● ▲ ■
● ■ ● ► ● ♦ ● ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ ■ ▲ ▲
Scoring: Correct1 Incorrect 0
Only when the respondent classifies all shapes into 4 groups with a single
shape, mark as correct. Otherwise, mark as incorrect.
Total number of correct answers: 3
4.2.1.4 Test of alphabet knowledge
Letter-sound recognition and production is a significant predictor of reading development. Therefore, a test of alphabet or letter knowledge is an important measure of
reading readiness. The Eastern Tamang alphabet is a phonemic one adopted from the Devanagri script of Nepali. The sound of a letter is the same as the name of the letter.
Single consonants are always produced with the sound [a]. The test takers will be given a sheet with ten letters
–seven consonants and three vowels – written on it and asked by the assessor to produce the sound associated with the symbol.
P-d. Precursor literacy skills – Alphabet knowledge
[Time allocated for reading aloud and answering the questions: 2 minutes] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Instructions: This is a test with a student sheet. The assessor should mark responses on a recording sheet with test items for each test taker. The assessor points to a
letter written on the student sheet one by one and asks the test taker to read each letter aloud. The assessor says:
―I am going to point to some letters written on a sheet. You need to read each letter aloud when I point to it. For example, this pointing to a letter,
is [a]. Let‘s practice with two more letters. Please read this letter pointing to a letter, ‖. If the respondent answers [na] correctly, the assessor says, ―Good job This is [na].‖ If the
respondent does not answer correctly in 5 seconds, the assessor says, ―This is [na]
.
―Now let‘s try another one. Please read this pointing to aloud to me.‖ If the respondent says [ga] correctly, the assessor says, ―You did well. This is [ga].‖ If the
respondent does not answer correctly in 5 seconds, the assessor says, ―This is [ga].‖ Then, the assessor says,
―Do you understand what you are to do? Now, I will point to other letters on the sheet. Please read each one aloud just as we practiced
together. ‖
Test item Correct
Incorrect Test item
Correct Incorrect
1 6
2 7
3 8
4 9
5 10
Discontinued:_____ Total number of correct answers: 10
Scoring: The assessor marks a tick V in the appropriate column under each
letter according to the response of the test taker. If the test taker does not respond to each letter after 5 seconds, mark as incorrect and move on to the next letter or number.
Stop point: If the respondent gives no correct answers among the first five letters, the assessor says, ―Thank you. Let‘s move on to the next item‖, and checks on the
space for the discontinued item. Each stop point indicates that the respondent did not master the relevant literacy skill to carry on further tasks for each test component.
Practice item:
4.2.1.5 Test of phonological awareness
