Cultural Context of the Text

Analysing the Text and the Sentence Level of Essay Found in IELTS Writing Test Majalah Ilmiah Universitas HKBP Nommensen Vol: 22 No 1 Feb 2014 d. Adverb Phrase Adverb phrase is a phrase which describes or gives more information about a verb, adjective, or adverb. We can find out the examples used by the examinee in the discussion type, such as completely out of, in all societies and situations, in so-called western societies, etc. In all societies and situations is the example of adverb phrase because it tells about the location or place where the action takes place. e. Prepositional Phrase Prepositional phrase is a combination of a preposition and a noun or pronoun that is its object Cambridge Dictionary of American English, 2006. The examples in the test are such as by the parents, by other members, to some societies, etc. The parents are noun which are modified by the determiner the in front of it, and by Preposition by, so it can be said that it is prepositional phrase. 2.2.3 Verb FormsTense Verb forms or tense tell people about time when action takes place. “The verb group tells us whether something is happening in the present, the past, or the future” Derewianka, 1998, p.61. Verb forms can also be seen from its morphology and syntax. Examples: - work verb stem worked past tense past participle. - exploits verbactive is exploited passiveverb - make verb stem will make future tense Based on the above examples, it can also be said that the examinee knows how to change the verb forms from simple present into past or future action, like make into will make. 2.2.4 Morphological pattern Morphology is the study of the structure of word forms Wikipedia, 2006. The two main branches of morphology are derivational morphology which means “an affix which one word is formed derived from another” Wikipedia, 2006. And the other one is inflectional morphology which relates to the grammatical syntactic changes the affix causes Carlos on Deakin Communion Board, 2006. Examples: Derivational Inflectional - accept acceptable - arrange arranged - usual unusual - join joining - expect expectation - parent parents Based on the above examples, it can be said that the examinee has knowledge of how to use or change one word into the other words without loosing the meaning. For instance, in the fist example of derivational morphology, accept is a verb and the examinee changes that word into a noun by adding suffix able, so it becomes acceptable.