Problems in Speaking Class

xxxi 5. Interpersonal. It has the purpose of maintaining social relationships with the transmission of facts and information. 6. Extensive monologue. Heshe is able to develop monologue oral production including speeches, oral presentation, and story telling, during which the opportunity for oral interaction from listeners is either highly limited or ruled out together. Meanwhile, Ur says 1999: 120 that the characteristics of a successful speaking activity are as follows: 1 Learners talk a lot. As much as possible of the period of time allotted to the activity is in fact occupied by learners ‘ talk. This may seem obvious, but often most time is taken up with teacher talk or pauses. 2 Participation is even. Classroom discussion is not determined by a minority of talkative participants; all get chance to speak, and contributions are fairly evenly distributed. 3 Motivation is high, learners are eager to speak; because they are interested in the topic and have something new to say about it or because they want to contribute to achieving a task objective. 4 Language is of an acceptable level. Learners express themselves in utterances that are relevant, easily comprehensible to each other, and of an acceptable level of language accuracy. From the statement above, it can be concluded that someone owns a certain language speaking competence if heshe can produce oral language to participate in any kind of activity. Heshe can also respond the other ones‘ speaking to maintain hisher social relationship. Besides, hisher language is acceptable and easily comprehensible at the level of language accuracy.

c. Problems in Speaking Class

xxxii Ur 1996: 121 suggests fundamental problems that appear in the speaking class, as follows: 1 Inhibition Speaking requires some degree of real-time exposure to an audience. It is quite different from the other three skills, reading, listening and writing. Learners are often inhibited about trying to say things in a foreign language in the classroom. They are usually worried in making mistakes, fearful of criticism or losing face, or simply shy of the attention that their speech attracts. 2 Nothing to say Even if the learners are not inhibited, they often complain that they cannot think of anything to say: they have no motive to express themselves beyond the guilty feeling that they should speak. 3 Low or uneven participation Only one participant can talk at a time if he or she is to be heard. In large group this means that each one will have only very little time to talk. The problem is compounded by the tendency that some learners are dominant, while others speak very little or not at all. 3 Mother-tongue use In a class where the learners speak the same mother tongue, there is a tendency for them to use it. Because it is easier, more natural, and safe. These problems are often found in the writer‘s class. It can be seen from the following indicators. First, students could not answer teacher‘s questions. When the teacher asked questions, they just smiled and kept silent. Second, students could not express their ideas using appropriate vocabulary and grammatical forms. Students did not know the English words and how to apply them in various grammatical forms. Third, students often produced xxxiii mispronounced words. Fourth, most students used mother tongue in speaking class. Instead of using various expressions in English, students expressed their ideas in the mother tongue. Fifth, students could not pronounce the English words well.

d. Factors Influencing the Students’ Speaking Skill