1. Home
  2. Ekonomi & Keuangan

Technique of Analyzing Data

lx and the post-test. Document of the teacher is in the form of the teacher diary. Document of the collaborator is in the form of field note.

F. Technique of Analyzing Data

The classroom action research would be successful if there is an improvement of students‘ speaking ability in learning English. One of the indicators of the improvement is the increase of speaking scores. In this case, before applying the action, the writer would give the students a pre-test to know the students‘ knowledge about the teaching material that will be taught. At the end of the lessons, the writer will give them a post-test in order to know whether teaching English using project based activity is able to improve the students‘ speaking ability. The speaking scores as the result of a pre-test and a post-test will be analyzed with non-independent t-test. It is used to analyze the difference before and after the action in each cycle. Another type of data is in the form of non- numerical data. This type of data will be analyzed in several stages. The quantitative data will be analyzed by using descriptive statistic including the lowest and the highest score and the mean. The result of the test will be analyzed using non-independent t-test. It is to analyze the result of teaching and learning process and to know the difference before and after the cycle. The formula is quantitatively stated as follows: The formula to find out Mean: n X X   lxi The formula for t-test     1      N N N D D D t Ary, Jacobs, and Razavich, 1979: 150 The qualitative data will be analyzed by Using Constant Comparative Method as suggested by Strauss and Glasser in Lincoln and Guba 1985: 339. The process includes the following steps: 1. Comparing incidents applicable to each category In this stage, the researcher starts with making the code of every incident in her data from the observation and questionnaire. 2. Integrating categories and their properties In this stage the researcher compares the data which are taken during the observation and from the questionnaire. It is followed by finding the relationship between them. 3. Delimiting the theory In this stage, the researcher constructs the theory based on the result of the previous stages. 4. Writing the theory The researcher arranges the research findings based on the result of the previous stages. lxii

CHAPTER IV RESULT OF THE STUDY

Dokumen yang terkait

IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY THROUGH CHART AT THE SECOND YEAR OF SMKN 3 BANDAR LAMPUNG (CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH)

0 4 167

improving reading ability using students’ texts ( a classroom action research at the second year of SMK Farmasi Bina Farma Madiun in 2007 2008 Academic Year)

0 14 296

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING PROFICIENCY THROUGH PAIRED STORYTELLING (A Classroom Action Research at the Eleventh Grade Students of SMK Bhinneka Karya in the Academic Year 2008 2009)

0 7 102

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH SEMANTIC MAPPING (A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH AT THE FIFTH YEAR OF SD N I DELANGGU IN 2008/2009 ACADEMIC YEAR).

0 2 8

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT THROUGH GROUP WORK AT THE FIRST YEAR OF SMA N 8 SURAKARTA (CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH).

0 0 6

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH SEMANTIC MAPPING IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH SEMANTIC MAPPING A Classroom Action Research of the Tenth Grade Students in SMK Negeri 2 Karanganyar in the Academic Year 2009 / 2010).

0 0 17

INTRODUCTION IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH SEMANTIC MAPPING A Classroom Action Research of the Tenth Grade Students in SMK Negeri 2 Karanganyar in the Academic Year 2009 / 2010).

0 0 12

IMPROVTEL IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY BY USING STORY TELLING (A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH AT THE SECOND YEAR OF SMP NEGERI 2 GROGOL IN 2010/2011 ACADEMIC YEAR).

0 2 14

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY THROUGH BAMBOO DANCE TECHNIQUE (A Classroom Action Research at Tenth Grade Students of SMAN 4 Purwokerto in Academic Year 20142015)

0 1 13

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY THROUGH TASK- BASED LEARNING (A Classroom Action Research on the Second Grade Students of SMK Wiworotomo Purwokerto in Academic Year of 20132014)

0 0 12