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c. Misformation refers to “the use of the wrong form of the morpheme or
structure”. There are three types as well: a In regularizations an irregular marker is replaced by a regular one, as in sheeps for sheep.
b Archi-forms refer to the use of one member of a class of forms instead of using all the members, e.g. using this in the situations when
either this or these should be used. c Alternating forms are repr
esented by “free alternation of various members of a class with each other”, as in those dog and this cat used by the same learner.
The following examples of misformation are taken from my own data collection:
Do all the childs go through all the stages? GR regularization I have take one packet of tissue. FR archi-form and omission
d. We talk about misordering when we come across an utterance where a
morpheme or a group of them is incorrectly placed, as in I get up at 6 oclock always, where always is misordered.
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And based on Richard, he was divided types of errors into three types :
a. Omission
Omission error could be happened when the students or the learners omitted a necessary element of a word.
For example : Swim
– Swiming F –Swimming T
b. Addition
Addition could be happened when the students or the learners presented an unnecessary element to the sentence.
For example : Leave
– Leaveing F –Leaving T Write
– Writeing F –Writing T Live
– Liveing F – Living T Smoke
– Smokeing F – Smoking T
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is.muni.czth180075ff_bThesis_2nd_draft.doc Dulay, Heidi C., Burt, Marina K., and Krashen, Stephen D., Language Two, New York: Oxford University Press, 1982 , p. .
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c. Misformation
Misformation could be happened when the students or the learners chose the wrong form of structure of morpheme and word.
For example : Learn
– Learning F – To Learn T Catch
– To Catch F – Catching T Bring
– To Bring F –Bringing F – Bring T
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In his book, Azar was classified error in grammar into fourteen parts, it consists of :
a. Singular – Plural
Internet has some advantage F Internet has some advantages T
b. Word Form
Poison is very danger F Poison is very dangerous T
c. Word Choice
He puts the credit card to wallet F He puts the credit card on wallet T
d. Verb Tense
He buys the novel yesterday F He bought the novel yesterday T
e. Add word
I want write an article F I want to write an letter T
f. Omit a Word
He sent to the letter F He sent the letter T
g. Word Order
I will go after my study finish F I will go after finishing my study T
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Jack C. Richards, Error Analysis : Perspective on Second Language Acquisition, England : Longman Group Ltd, 1974, p.172-174
