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C. Conceptual Framework
Formal learning is learning that takes place within a teacher-students relationship, sucfh as in a school system. In formal learning proccess, there are
many aspects influence learners as facility, method, etc. Facility and method influenced the students get success or failed. If their school uses a good
facility and also method so the students will be success in learning English at school.
When the students faced some difficulties in learning English because there are many forms, usages or functions and also list of verb that must be
learnt, especially grammar. If school want to their students have better knowledge about grammar especially gerund, to infinitive and infinitive
without to, so school must give a good facility as language lab, library and also for teacher must have a good method in teaching the students in order
their goals can be achieve. The study recomended some kinds of forms, usages or functions and
also verb frequently can be applied in learning English. They are gerund, to infinitive and infinitive without
to. Study about it can improving students’ mastery on the use of gerund, to infinitive and infinitive without to in learning
proccess about grammar comprehension. That make students interest and motivate to improve their knowledge and also skill because they want to get a
good score and a success. And finally, they are learning grammar especially gerund, to infinitive and infinitive without to by using a good facility and
method in learning proccess.
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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents about research methodology of this study which consists of : place and time of the research, method and research design,
population and sample of research, technique of data collecting, instrument of the research and technique of data analysis.
A. Place and Time of the Research
The writer did her research at the second grade of students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Ciputat, Tangsel that is located at Jl. KH. Dewantara No.
38 Ciputat, Tangsel. SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Ciputat, Tangsel has twelve classes, four classes for first grade, four classes for second grade and four
classes for third grade. The research and the report was carried on March until finish. It was
begun by on Tuesday 25 of March until on Friday 04 of April and the later on Tuesday 08 of April and on Friday 11 of April she gave test about gerund, to
infinitive, and infinitive without to, interview and also gave questionnaires for them and report it was begun on October until December.
B. Method and Research Design
In this study the writer was used qualitative research method, in which the writer describes the errors made by the students of Second Grade of SMK
Muhammadiyah 1 Ciputat, Tangsel and the causes of why the students make errors in their test of Gerund, To Infinitive and Infinitive without To.
The design of this study is descriptive-evaluation in a form of qualitative
research about an error analysis on the students’ mastery on the use of gerund,
to infinitive and infinitive without to at the second grade of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Ciputat, Tangsel.
This study tries to evaluate objectively about teaching grammar especially gerund, to infinitive, and infinitive without to that called a qualitative research
because the writer uses numerical data which is analyzed statistically.
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