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B. The Relevant Studies
For this skripsi the writer put the relevant study that related to the title “Error Analysis on the Use of Gerund, To Infinitive and Infinitive without To
at the Second Grade of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Ciputat, Tangsel”, and the
relevant research that used by the writer is “Skripsi” from Mansur with the
title “Error Analysis on Student’s Grammar Mastery at SMP Muhammadiyah 17”, Fitri Indriyani with the title “Error Analysis on English Tenses Found in
the Students’ Writing at SMA Dharma Karya UT”, Leti Lisdianty with the title “ Analysis on Students’ Difficulties in Distinguish Gerund and Present
Participle at SMA PGRI 56 Ciputat” and Ade Laili Akhiliyyah with the title “Analysis on The Difficulties Faced by The Students in Learning Gerund at
the First Grade of MTs Darul Amal Bekasi”, Insanul Kamelia with the title
“An Analysis on The Students’ Errors in Distinguishing Gerund and Present Participle at the Second Grade Students of SMA Muhammadiyah Cipondoh”
and Muhammad Cho tib Firdaus with the title “An Error Analysis of Students
Ability in Using Gerund at Second Grade of SMK Taman Ilmu Depok”. From his research, Mansur can be describe that the errors in
overgeneralization area are the most frequent errors in which the students committed 115 errors or 62 , it is followed by errors in omission there are 19
errors or 10.21 , in addition there are 34 errors or 18.1 and in over generalization there are 18 errors or 9.7 . Therefore there are no errors in
double marking and misordering or 0 . From her research , Fitri Indriyani showed that the highest frequency of
errors in present perfect tense. The average of error percentage is 60.55 of students made error in this type of tenses. Most students made error in these
items because they did not understand the function of has and have. They can not distinguish the use of has and have in the sentence. 37 students made error
68.51 and beside that 40 students made error 74.07 in using verb past participle.
Then, the second level is 33 students made error 61.11 in using was and were and distinguish it in the sentence of simple past tense, and 27 made
error 50 in using verb past correctly.