Verb Frequently of Infinitive without To after auxiliariesmodals

31 Finally, the lowest frequency of error is in simple present tense. Percentage of error from these is 39.25 . The students still confused of subject verb agreement. And the highest error made by 30 students is 55.55 the error made by students in distinguish between singular and plural verb in simple present tense. From her research, Leti Lisdianty could be concluded that 20.14 of XI Grade of SMA PGRI 56 Ciputat, found the difficulties in distinguishing gerund and 34.22 of XI Grade of SMA PGRI 56 Ciputat , found the difficulties in distinguishing present participle. From her research, Ade Laili Akhiliyyah showed the test consist of 10 complete the sentences and 10 multiple choices and each number of gerund is put in random. From the result of analysis , the highest percentage of difficulties is in using gerund as object of certain verbs is 39 and the lowest percentage of difficulties is in using gerund as subject of a sentence is 33 and all of them caused by external and internal factors. From her research, Insanul Kamelia showed the frequency of the errors occurs in the students in distinguishing gerund and present participle from 1350 sentences collected from 45 students it is found 376 errors : selection errors 73.41 and addition errors 26.59 . It is clearly shown from the types of error explained that the most common errors committed by the students is selection which reaches 73.41. From his research, M. Chotib Firdaus showed that there were 96 errors or 16.25 students made errors in using gerund as subject, 148 errors or 25.04 students made errors in using gerund as object of preposition, 187 errors or 31.64 students made errors in using gerund as direct object of certain verbs, and 160 errors or 27.07 students made errors in using gerund as complement. The writer also classified the types of errors made by the students, from 591 errors, 424 of them are misinformation. This types of errors contributed 71.74 to whole scores. Next type is omission, the total of its errors is 123 or 20.18. The last type is addition, only 44 or 7.45 errors in this type. 32

C. Conceptual Framework

Formal learning is learning that takes place within a teacher-students relationship, sucfh as in a school system. In formal learning proccess, there are many aspects influence learners as facility, method, etc. Facility and method influenced the students get success or failed. If their school uses a good facility and also method so the students will be success in learning English at school. When the students faced some difficulties in learning English because there are many forms, usages or functions and also list of verb that must be learnt, especially grammar. If school want to their students have better knowledge about grammar especially gerund, to infinitive and infinitive without to, so school must give a good facility as language lab, library and also for teacher must have a good method in teaching the students in order their goals can be achieve. The study recomended some kinds of forms, usages or functions and also verb frequently can be applied in learning English. They are gerund, to infinitive and infinitive without to. Study about it can improving students’ mastery on the use of gerund, to infinitive and infinitive without to in learning proccess about grammar comprehension. That make students interest and motivate to improve their knowledge and also skill because they want to get a good score and a success. And finally, they are learning grammar especially gerund, to infinitive and infinitive without to by using a good facility and method in learning proccess.