involves a collection of techniques used to specify, delineate or describe naturally occurring phenomenon without experimental manipulation.
This descriptive qualitative research is conducted in the following design. Firstly, the researcher determines the research problems and determines the
appropriate theories. Problems are classified and discussed objectively. Afterwards, these problems are analyzed based on theories stated in chapter II.
The analysis of the source and the translated text includes resolving ambiguity, identifying implicit information, and so on. The analysis describes whether the
culturally-bound word does not create ambiguity, is understandable enough, is appropriate with norms in the target language and does not deviate from rules
prevailed. Afterward, the researcher prepares the initial draft. Before any extensive drafting can be done, the key terms must be determined. Every text has
a set of words that are crucial to the content and correct communication of the theme. It may be necessary to work the initial draft several times -- that no
information is wrong or omitted, that the text communicates clearly in the receptor language, and that the form chosen will communicate to the readers. The next step
is evaluation of research findings. Its purpose is threefold: accuracy, clearness and naturalness.
B. Source of Data
The data are one of research components that can come from various sources. Bordan 1992: p. 106
states that data refer to the rough materials researchers collect from the world they are studying
;
they are particulars that form
the basis of analysis. Data include materials the researcher uses for conducting their research such as interview transcripts and participant observation field notes.
Data also include what others have created and the researcher finds, like diaries, photographs, documents, and newspaper article. In other words, data are
something the researcher needs to think deeply about the aspects of life she he will explore.
Since this research is a descriptive qualitative research, the data are in the form of words. They are obtained by observing the sentences containing
culturally-bound words found in the documents. Documents in this research are in the form of novels. The novels are the source version Harry Potter and the Half-
Blood Prince written by Joanne Kathleen Rowling and its Indonesian version Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah Campuran translated by Listiana Srisanti.
The original novel is first published in Great Britain London in 2005 by Bloomsbury publishing and is written into 30 chapters and 607 pages. Its
Indonesian version that consists of 30 chapters and 816 pages is published by PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.
C. Research Setting
Since the researcher uses documents as the source data which are in the form of novels, she conducts the research through literature research by reading and
learning books dealing with the topic so she can find theories and references supporting data analysis. This research is conducted at Sebelas Maret University
especially in Postgraduate Library, UNS Center Library, FKIP Library, UPTP2B Language Center, and Art and Letter Faculty Library.
D. Technique of Collecting Data
