frequently avoid interpretations and devote their skill to arranging events and speeches so that readers may draw their own conclusions.
2.3 Ethic and Moral
Moral is derived from Latin word, mores or mos plural form. It means manners, custom or the way of life. Moral is concerned with the judgment of the
goodness and badness of human action and character, pertaining to the discernment of good and evil, designed to teach goodness of character and behavior, instructive to
what is good and bad. Briefly, moral is the distinction between right and wrong, or deals with goodness or badness of the attitude.
People live in society as social beings. Generally they keep up moral in the society. People have good moral if their attitudes are convenient with moral in the
society. People get moral from what they do, think, and say. Moral employs terms such as good and bad, right and wrong to express preferences, decisions and choices
or to criticizes, grade, persuade, praise, blame, and encourage. In other word, moral standard in society are standards to decide whether human conduct is right or wrong
and bad or good. Moral are divided into two parts, they are personal moral and social moral.
There is a fundamental difference between personal moral and social moral. Personal moral defines how we personally respond to life from or within our own integrity,
and within our own personal values. Social moral defines how we respond to our environment, our immediate community and the world community. We are all
personally guided by our own sense of what is right and wrong. Socially, we must be guided as well.
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According to Bentham 1959:382 man is a pleasure seeking, pain avoiding creature. Human beings with refined faculties are not satisfied with the pleasure of
the body; they seek the higher pleasure of the mind, feelings, and moral sentiments. Once a man has lived on a higher level, he can never really wish to sink into a lower
level of existence. This is due to the human sense of dignity. The temptation of becoming a glorious person can make people blind. In order to get their glory, people
tend to do whatever it takes to reach their goal. For some people who could die to reach the top of the world, they can do anything and sometimes abandon some moral
standard that have been occurred in society where he or she belongs. This kind of attitude of course can defect social system if it happened continuously. Moral
standards are concerned with presenting and justifying a guide to right conduct. A thing can be used as critical approach toward the moral is ethic.
Suseno 1990:3 states that ethic is not an additional source of morality but it’s a philosophy that reflects on moral teaching. However, moral standard is not
always same in each domain. Moral can be different or even be contrast in each country. So ethic makes critical reflection over the moral. Ethic is a branch of
philosophy which discuss about of human attitude or behavior, which can be evaluated as good and bad character. Ethics seeks to address questions such as, how
a moral outcome can be achieved in a specific situation, how moral should be determined, what morals people actually abide by, what the fundamental nature of
ethics is, including whether it has any objective justification, and how moral capacity or moral agency develops and what its nature is.
By understanding moral and ethic, we know moral has the closely connection with ethic. Moral is the good or bad conduct or character, which forms attitude, and
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it certain ethic is required critical and rational attitude in realizing moral. However, moral standard is not always same in each domain. Moral can be different or even be
contrast in each country. It is also with ethic. There are several theories of ethic. It can be concluded that moral defines personal character, while ethic makes critical
reflection over the moral.
2.4 Altruism
