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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. The Purpose of the Research
This study is entitled “An Error Analysis in Learning Direct and indirect Speech of Imperative Sentences
”. Then, the purposes of this study are as follows:
1. To know the error that students make of SMK Perwira in learning reported
speech of imperative sentence. 2.
To find out the reasons why the students doing errors in learning reported speech of imperative sentence.
B.
Time and place of the study
The writer conducted her research at SMK Perwira which is located on Jl
. H. Dilun No 4 Ulujami South Jakarta. The research was carried on
February17
th
up to March 05
th
,2014.
C. Population and sample of the study
In this study the writer took the population of the first year students of SMK Perwira. The students consist of two classes. Class X AK-1consist of 39
students, class X MP-2 consist of 32 students. So, the total number of the first year students of SMK Perwira Jakarta is 71.
The writer decided not to take the whole population as sample in her study. She only took one class X AK-1 which consists of 39 students. The
sample is taken by using purposive sampling technique.
D. Method of the study
To do the research, the writer used qualitative method. After that the writer collected data with using instruments. There are two kinds of
instrument that the writer used: English written test and Interview.
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E. Instrument of the research
The writer used test as an instrument to obtain the data, she made the test about reported speech of Imperative sentence in her research. The writer
gave a written test focused on the subject matter that they studied before. The test consists of 20 questions. It is divided into two parts.
The first part consists of 10 questions asking the students to change quoted commands to infinitive clauses with the suitable tenses.
The second part consists of other 10 questions asking the students to complete the sentences by fill in the black spaces with the suitable pronoun.
Kind of instruments that the writer used are: 1.
English written test The writer gave the written test to get the data about the frequency of
the error in the transform or change quoted commands to infinitive clauses with the suitable tenses and pronouns in learning reported
speech of imperative sentence. 2.
Interview The writer interviewed an English teacher and some students who got
low and high scores to reinforce the analysis and to find out the reasons why the students doing error in learning reported speech of
imperative sentence.
F. Technique of Data Analysis
The technique of data analysis used by the writer in this research is descriptive analysis technique percentage, she used formula as follows:
P = F X 100
N
P = Percentage F = Frequency of error made
N = Number of sample which is observed