Place and Time of The Research

From the explanation, it is known the character every person in movie; they are related to the acquaintance of plot, the way of authors in revealing the character, and whether there is any change of character during the story or not. From definitions that have been mentioned above, it can be understood that character are people that are created in the movie, novel, and other literary works to inhabit the stories. They also have close relationship with plot, the way of authors in revealing the character, and the characters’ change. In character, there is a major character. Pickering and Hoeper said, “The major or central character of the plot is the protagonist”. 9 It means that major character is the protagonist. A supporting character can also developed like a major character. Perrine and Thomas state, “Authors may present their characters either directly or indirectly. In direct presentation they tell us straight out, by exposition or analysis, what characters are like, or have someone else in the story tell us what they are like. Indirect presentation the author shows us the character in action; we infer what they are like from what they think or say or do.” 10 From the explanation, it is known direct presentation means the viewers know the character from another character, and from name or the appearance. Indirect presentation means the author reveals the character by showing action. Pickering and Hoeper state, “To describe the relative degree to which fictional characters are developed by their creators, E. M. foster distinguished 9 Ibid. p. 24. 10 Perrine, Laurence., and Thomas R. Arp, Literature Structure, Sound, and Sense Florida: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publisher, 1988, p. 66. between what he calls flat or round characters”. 11 It can be known that characters are divided into two types on the basis how the characters developed their real characters, which are flat characters and round character. Pickering and Hoeper also said, “Characters in fiction can also be distinguished on the basis of whether they demonstrate the capacity to develop or change as the result of their experiences. Dynamic characters exhibit this capacity; static do not”. 12 In another word, characters can be divided based on whether there are any changes that happen in the story. There were another explanation about a character that supported to understood about the movie.

1. Movie Art

Movies have served a number of purposes and assumed a number of roles in the development of twentieth century culture. From the birth movie, movies documented events, personalities, and places, providing not only invaluable sources of information to scholars but a sense of how things looked and left. Also from the first, movies have played tricks on our imagination. 13 The following list is a small, partial sample of movies with art movie qualities, compiled to give a general sense of what directors and movies are considered to have art movie characteristics. The movies in this list demonstrate one or more of the characteristics of art movies: a serious, noncommercial, or independently made movie that is not aimed 11 Pickering, James H., and Jeffry D. Hoeper 1962, op. cit. p. 25. 12 Ibid. p. 26. 13 Henderson, Gloria Mason, et al 2006, op. cit. p. 1043.