Representation of Social Movement

are given to the Token to state that there is another identity besides being a slave. It is a persuasive way to make society conscious for their rights as a free man and to stop being a victim of capitalism; a slave for the wealthy and powerful people. The rest processes which are important to be discussed are the mental processes and existential processes. Their distribution is provided in the appendix. The emergence of mental process in supporting social movement ideology is merely seven clauses. The desiderative process is employed in four clauses, the perceptive process is in three clauses and a clause is about cognitive process. The affective process is not obtained. From appendix 11, the distribution of mental process is less in numbers. The emerging clauses are mostly in desiderative process. It puts the participant as somebody who counters the reality: expecting something beyond the reality to happen. It appears in five clauses. The perceptive process appears in three clauses. It puts the participant as an actor who factually receives the visual condition. A single clause presents a cognitive process which expresses participant as somebody who acknowledged information. Below are the excerpts carry the mental processes. 95 If you Senser want Process to change the world Phenomenon Then you have to start with yourself S14.C1 96 We Senser want Process our world backPhenomenonS11.C7 97 We Senser dont need Process more time to talk over a solution PhenomenonS6.C5a 98 We Senser know Process what we need Phenomenon S13.C5b, we Senser need Process a fucking revolution Phenomenon S6.C5c 99 We Senser dont need Process your war machine, or your filthy blood stained dollars Phenomenon S6.C5b The clause is the if-conditional sentence. The Senser, you has desire to do a Phenomenon. It is about to change the world. However, the expected condition may occur if the Senser does an action first. The notion is to have a world changed, the society have to start from them. They need to be involved in the social movement. They need to be the agent of a world peace. The desiderative processes are expressed through mental verbs such as want 95 and 96, need 97 and 58b. The Senser has wish for a particular Phenomenon as in excerpt 96, we wish to have their world back. The noun group, our world back refers to the peace situation before. The desiderative processes in excerpts 97 and 99 have negative meaning. The Senser has no needing of the Phenomenon. They reject to have more time to talk over a solution. It means the time to do rebellion is started. The time to just talk over a solution is over. At the period of time they have waited but there is no obvious way out. Also, they reject to have war machine and filthy blood stained dollars. It expresses society’s need to end the war and the profits taken from the war. There are six clauses employ the existential process. Two participants needed in the process are Existential and Existent. The Existential refers to there’s which indicated that a person or a thing does exist. However, the participant is also indicates someone or something does not exist. The Existent refers to the existing or the not existing thing or person. The excerpts show the use of existential process is shown below. 100 There is Existential no religions, sexual preference and regardless of your race Existent. S14.C10b 101 There is Existential a voice Existent in your heart Circumstance S11.C9 102 Theres Existential a call, freedom’s sound Existent around the globe Circumstance S11.C11 103 There is Existential nothing to fear Existent S12.C9 The Existent are indicated non-existing in clauses 100 and 103. The religions, sexual preference and regardless of your race and the fear are indicated does not exist. Though it carries negative meaning but it is positive for doing a social movement. The difference of religions, sexual preference and race must not be considered. Another non-existing Existent is the fear. It is also positive to do a social movement. People need not to be afraid to rebel against the authority, against the injustice. The existing Existents lay in clauses 101 and 102. The two Existents, a voice and a call- freedom’s sounds refer to the calling to do a revolution. The two Circumstances, in your heart and around the globe indicate that the expectation of a revolution is supported personally and globally. As it has been mentioned earlier, the use of modality is to disclose the speakers’ judgment towards the ideologies. The modality analyzed in this study is the modals adverbs, i.e have gotta and modals auxiliaries, i.e never. The speakers’ judgment is determined through the degree carried by each modal such as high, mid and low degree. The distribution of all modals is provided in appendix 7. The Ability is the most type of modals appeared. It emerges 11 times in five positive meanings and six negative meanings. It shows the ability and inability of an actor in performing an action. The excerpts below provide the ability and inability of the people in power towards the social movement. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 104 You can kill the protestor cant kill, you cant kill the protest S12.C7 105 Bullets cant silence ideas S12.C9b Probability is the second most occurred modal. It occurs as much as nine times; eight times are in positive meanings and the rest is in negative meaning. It carries the mid Probability which means the action is probably done. The excerpts below will present the modals carry Probability. 106 Soon this corporate run government will be through S6.C2 107 We will be able to speed up that day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing Free at last, free at last. Thank God Almighty, we are free at last. S15.C11b The modal carries the obligation is have got to and should. The first one has the positive meanings and high degree. It appears three times in the clauses. The second one has the mid degree. In clauses, it emerges 2 times. The high positive inclination means that the action is highly required to occur. The following excerpts show its presence. 108 We have got to make a change S14.C10 109 It’s time we should dig their ditch S9.C12 Inclination is shown in the modal, will as the mid inclination and have gotta and hashave to as the high inclination. The Inclination appears 5 times; one is negative and four is positive. The inclination expresses the willingness to do an action. The high inclination represents the determination. The two excerpts below present the inclination. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 110 We have really got those suckers fooled, We have gotta em trained like rats S2.C2 111 Greed, envy, fear, hate-- the competition has to stop S15.C7 112 We will fight you till we die S6.C11 The use of pronoun analysis to support the presence of social movement is by presenting the most frequent actor. The frequency of the actor’s emergence helps to determine to whom that the speakers focus their protest and to determine the speakers position; in-group of out-group with the society. The in-group is indicated by the use of pronoun, we to represent Anti-Flag and society identity while they to refer to the capitalists and fascists. The out-group is depicted through pronoun, I and you. I represent Anti-Flag and you represent society and government. When Anti-Flag is out-group, it means that they protest society in order to raise their consciousness of being controlled and oppressed and to invite them for revolution. Each actor distribution can be seen in appendix 12. Different from two previous ideologies which focus on they, the ideology of social movement mostly presented the actor in pronoun, we. The emergence of the pronoun means the Anti-Flag is in-group with society. In other words, they support society to do the social movement. The pronoun appears as much as 23 times. Below is the presence of pronoun we which support the ideology. 113 We are all human. Its time to prove it.S15.C5 114 We are tearing down the bordersS11.C4 115 We dont need more time to talk over a solution. We know what we need, we need a fucking revolution S4.C5 116 We have got one thing you ain’t got. We have got the numbers S4.C7 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

4.2.3.6 Summary of Social Movement Representation

The ideology of social movement by the transitivity analysis is described through the material processes, relational processes, mental processes and existential processes. The material processes shows that the actions mostly performed by the society and Anti-Flag as the in-group. The actions clearly present society responses to attack the authorities due to the authoritarian character of the capitalists and fascists. In this ideology, the power of society is presented; the society is depicted as having willingness for doing the movement. The relational processes show the identity and characters of the society and Anti- Flag as the protestors. The identity shows the quality of the society as not merely as the protestors but sometimes they presented as the anarchists: people who wishes to destroy the existing government and laws. The two other processes, the mental processes mostly occur in desiderative while the existential processes mostly shows the existence. The desiderative in mental processes refers to the strong inclination. It presents the strong willingness of the society to have revolution. On the other side, the existence showed in the existential processes is about the existence of the all-involving matters that supported for the revolution. Mostly, it is about the existence of the calling for the social movement. Besides, it also presents all the matters that do not exist such as the matters that prevent the social movement. Based on the transitivity analysis, the result shows that there is a strong motivation of the society in doing the movement. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI Social movement is the ideology that mostly supported with the usage of modals. The frequent modal is + Ability. The speaker has judgment that they; speakers and society have the physical or mental power or skill to do the movement. Moreover, the speaker intends to urge and challenge the society for making revolution against the authority of capitalism and nationalism. The usage of pronoun, we, is the most in social movement ideology. The pronoun, we, refers to the Anti-Flag and society. The use of such pronoun is the manner of Anti-Flag as the speaker to get society’s attention. It is by stating that they belong to the society. It is also to state that the punk subculture is not negative as what people might think in common. Moreover, it is also to share the same feelings of being pressured by the authority in the scope of capitalism and nationalism. Therefore, Anti-Flag might easily invite the society to join them in the social movement. The condition presents the Anti-Flag position as the in- group. The result of the pronoun analysis of social movment shows that Anti-Flag and society act as the drivers of changes; they persuade people to do a social movement. CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusions and recommendations section is the last chapter of the thesis. The chapter contains the conclusion from the analysis of the chapter 4 which emphasizes on the explication of the two research questions. The chapter also proposes the greater extent for conducting the further study especially in the terms of methodology and data.

5.1 Conclusions

At the close of the analysis, the two research questions have been answered. The first question about the dominant ideologies in Anti-Flag song lyrics has been disclosed. It is done by the special terms analysis and the supported issues analysis. By analyzing the special terms, the characteristics of the ideologies can be acquired. The dominant ideologies are determined by the frequency of occurrence of the special terms and by relating them to the supported issues. The issues become the background of the songs which providing knowledge and information for the ideology analysis. From the analysis, the two dominant ideologies attained are the anti- authoritarianism which is subdivided into anti-authoritarian capitalism and anti- authoritarian nationalism, and the social movement. The anti-authoritarianism is associated to the society opposition towards the powerful ruler. Specifically, anti- authoritarian capitalism deals with protest at some issues such as NAFTA, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI taxation and war profiteering while anti-authoritarian nationalism is about the protest against the human experimentation and war as the national security. The social movement is more about the revolution call. The call states the society power to fight against the power imbalance. To unmask the detail of the ideologies is to analyze their linguistic representation. The linguistic representation analysis as the second question is done by applying the systemic functional grammar SFG focusing on the transitivity analysis, modality analysis and pronoun analysis. The transitivity analysis helps to find the representation of the actors. The modality helps to display the speaker’s judgment and the pronoun analysis helps to show the focus of protest and the position of the speakers. The selected song lyrics of Anti-Flag mostly employ two main processes. They are material processes and the relational processes. The rest processes are the mental processes, verbal processes and the existential processes. All the ideologies presented by using the material processes and the relational processes. The anti-authoritarian capitalism mostly appears in material process rather than the relational process while the use of both main processes in the anti- authoritarian nationalism is almost comparable. The appearance of the social movement is mostly in the material processes compared to the relational processes. The other three processes do not appear in whole ideologies; only two of the processes appear alternately in each ideology. From the three ideologies, the most occurred ideology is the anti-authoritarian nationalism followed by the social movement and the last is the anti-authoritarian capitalism. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI In the ideology of anti-authoritarian capitalism, the material processes present the action of the capitalists including government, the rich and the private ownership companies. They also present the society and Anti-Flag actions. However, the most occurred actions are the capitalists’. The relational processes show the identities and characters of the capitalists. The describing identity shows that the capitalists are depicted as the profit-making figure. In the ideology, the power imbalance is divided into some parties. In other words, it involves some parties besides government and society. They are the wealthy people and the private companies: individual or business. The ideology of anti-authoritarian nationalism is presented towards the material processes and also relational processes. In this ideology, the focus of the power imbalance is merely between government; the presidential administration with the society as the citizens. The material processes shows the actions of the government which limit and even take over the rights and freedom of the citizens. The relational process shows the identity and the character of the government as the fascists; the very powerful leaders. Different from the preceding ideologies, the way material processes show the social movement ideology is through the actions done by society and the Anti- Flag. If in capitalism, the most powerful figure is the businesses, the nationalism is the leader of nation while in social movement is the society. The actions display their resistance towards the sovereignty. Besides, the relational processes describe their identity and character as the protestors and somewhat anarchists.