Background of the Study

3 The author of this novel, Jeffry P. Freundlich was born on July 14, 1952 in Florida and later became a writer under the pen name Jeff Lindsay. He graduated and attended Ransom Everglade School in South Florida, Middleburry College in Vermont and graduate school in Carnegie Mellon. He grew up in Florida, and knows the area and feel of Miami which really helps set the background for the Dexter book series. This novel was inspired when Jeff was speaking in a room full of insurance agents, real estate agents, and other shady people of the sort. He noticed all the fake emotions and fake smiles of people who didn‘t really want to be in there. He started taking notes on napkins and that night, the idea of Darkly Dreaming Dexter was created. In the 1970‘s, at Carnegie Mellon in theater he had a directing teacher from Romania who taught him the concept ―illegal laughter‖ which means to make the audience laugh but feel like they did something wrong for laughing. He strives to make Dexter witty and funny, but creep the reader out. The first book of the series Darkly Dreaming Dexter won the 2005 Dilys Award and the 2007 Book to TV award. It tells about Dexter who works for the Miami Metro Police Department as a forensic blood spatter pattern analyst. He was adopted at the age of three by Miami police officer Harry Morgan and wife Doris due to the murder of his mother. Although his parents loved him, but he did not love himself or everybody around him, he never feels his heart beats and he has no emotions. But he found himself satisfied, his heart beats when he kills something. He realizes that he had always found gratification “to be hatred, in hating and being hated”, not love. 7 His urges to kill are directed by an inner voice 7 Freud claims that there are two instincts: Eros and Thanatos. Love and sex are Eros instinc while hate and aggressively are Thanatos instinct 4 he refers to as the Dark Passenger, who keeps prodding him to kill. Kill makes the voice satisfied for a while, but always comes back. This feeling for kill then develop to be source of his anxiety when he did not kill something. After several years, he realizes that his urge to kill is about to grow. And from several talks with his father, he knows that he should kill people who have gotten away with murder as a way to channel his homicidal urges in a positive direction. He kills murderers, rapists and other undesirables he believes have escaped justice. His job as a blood spatter expert for the Miami police department puts him in the perfect position to identify the latest crimes and keep an eye open for his next victim. Therefore, the writer is interested to analyze Dexter Morgan using Psychoanalysis theory. It is caused by her strong enthusiasm to know about the psychoanalysis particularly in exploring the literature. On the other hand, in various ways, a psychoanalysis approach has opened new possibility to the study of human mental cases in connection with literature. Then, the writer uses theory of psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud to discuss further about Dexter‘s psychopathic personality in the Darkly Dreaming Dexter a novel by Jeff Lindsay.

B. Focus of the Research

According to the background of the study above and to limit the research, the writer focuses the problem on the main character in this novel, Dexter Morgan, using Sigmund Freud‘s Psychoanalysis. 5

C. Research Question

Based on the background of the study, the writer would like to concentrate and limit it by formulating a research question as follows: 1. How is the character of Dexter Morgan potrayed? 2. How is the character of Dexter Morgan viewed from psychoanalysis?

D. Significance of the Research

Generally, the writer expects this research will give the benefit to the readers. The writer wishes that the readers could get deeper understanding about psychoanalysis theories, especially about personality structure in analyzing novel and will help the writer to complete her study as one of her obligations to reach the Strata one S1.

E. Research Methodology

1. Method of the Research The method that is used in this research is qualitative method. The answers of the research question had are revealed by explaining, describing and analyzing the main character and the data with psychoanalysis theories of Sigmund Freud. 2. Objective of the Research The objective of this research is to describ e Dexter‘s psychological problem which relates the causes why he murders more than 20 persons to complete his question. 3. Data Analysis The data analysis of this research used qualitative by analyzing and describing the major character. The novel is analyzed by reading the novel 6 itself, marking the text that relied to the problem and then exploring the main character and his psychological problem. 4. Instrument of the Research Instrument of the research in this research is the writer herself by reading the novel of Darkly Dreaming Dexter repeated, quoting the texts, and then making notes on everything relied to the problem. 5. Unit of Analysis The analysis unit that is used in this research in Darkly Dreaming Dexter novel by Jeff Lindsay, which published in July 2004 by Orion Books Ltd. 6. Time and Place of the Research The research started on the eight semester of academic year 2012, English Letters, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta. The research also located at Adab and Humanity Faculty‘s library, main library of UIN, and other libraries which can give references information about that material that the writer needed.