CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Character and Characterization
Character is someone who acts, appears, or is referred to as playing a apart in literary work.
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It means that this person takes a part in the action of fictional story. A character is one of the important elements in literary works. Since a
character is one who related directly to the condition or conflict that happened in the story, he or she often represents what the story wants to tell through the
dialogues, the attitudes or the expressions. By understanding the character in a story, it can help to understand the story. Anyone can repeat what a person has
done in story, but considerable skill may be needed to describe what a person is.
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Robert Diyanny states that character in fiction can be conveniently classified as major and minor, static and dynamic. A major character is an
important figure at the center of the story’s action or theme. The major character is sometime called a protagonist whose conflict with an antagonist
may spark the story conflict. Supporting the major character is one or more secondary or minor character whose function is partly to illuminate the major
characters. Minor characters are often static or unchanging: they remain the same from the beginning of a work to the end. Dynamic character on the other
1
J. Paul Hunter, et.al., the Norton Introduction to Literature Shorter Eight Edition, USA: W.W. Norton and Company, 2002, p. 102
2
X. J. Kennedy, Literature: an Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama New York: Harper Collins Publisher, 1991, p.65
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hand, exhibits some kind of change of attitude, of purpose, of behavior – as the story progresses.
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Diyanni also explains that characterization is the process of conveying information about characters in narrative or dramatic works of art or everyday
conversation. Characters may be presented by means of description, through their actions, speech, or thoughts. A characterization is the creation of
fictitious character in other words; it means by which the writer brings character to life.
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in other hand, the process of conveying information about characters in fiction is call characterization.
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Characterization, in literature, is the presentation of the attitudes and behavior of imaginary persons in order to make them credible to the author’s
audience.
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A good deal of characterization, the art, craft and method of presentation or creation of fictional personages involves similar process,
leaderless, grouping, job-sharing and structure –well beyond the parameters of contemporary democracy. Richard Gill said that a character is a person in
literary work and Characterization is the way in which a character is creates. From those distinctive, Characterization could understand as a method and
Character is the product.
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From those understanding, we can conclude that characterization is a method used by the author in developing his story and character. In other
3
Robert Diyanni, Literature: Approaches to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004, pp. 54-55
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Ibid.
5
http:fictionwriting.about.comodglossarygRoundCharacter.htm accessed on December
9, 2010 at 21:05
6
Encyclopedia Americana volume 6, Grolier incorporated, 1985, p. 291
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Richard Gill, Mastering English Literature London: MacMillan, 1995, p. 105
word, characterization is the process by which the writer reveals the personality of character. It means characterization refers to the way in which
the author and the actors establish character, through particular feature of dialogues, action, gesture manual, facial or both and so on.
B. Hybridity and Hybrid Identities in Postcolonial Studies
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