2.2.5 Definition of Story Retelling
One way of getting students to speak up is by giving them something to talk. For example, teacher gives a story to read, then, students have to retell with their own
words or we can say it as retelling story. Retelling is a part of speaking skill. It helps students to get the idea or understand the story more.
According to Gibson, Judith, and Charissa 2003:2 story retellings require the reader or listener to integrate and reconstruct the parts of a story. They
reveal not only what readers or listeners remember, but also what they understand. Retellings build story comprehension.
In story retellings, readers or listeners tell what they remember about the story orally or through dramatization, drawing, or writing Morrow, 1989;
Owocki, 1999. Retelling does not mean memorizing —it means recounting the
story in the child‘s own words. Retellings require children to think more conceptually
—to look at the bigger picture—rather than answering specific questions about the text. Retelling also helps learners internalize information and
concepts, such as vocabulary and story structure Brown Cambourne, 1987. The more experience children have with retelling, the more they are able to
understand, synthesize, and infer. ―Retelling is grounded in an understanding of the crucial role that oral language plays in both the formation and sharing of
meaning‖ Gambrell, Koskinen, Kapinus, 1991. Story Retelling is a procedure that enables a child to play a large role in
reconstructing stories. It underlies both social and academic development. When narrating stories, the speaker uses language for an extended period of time. This
active participation with stories results in increased language development, comprehension and an interest in books and in learning to read. In addition,
retelling is a powerful technique for checking understanding. Unlike answering specific questions after reading, retelling requires reprocessing large segments of
text thinking about the sequence of ideasevents and their importance. Retelling is a versatile tool for both the student and teacher.
Retelling gives children plenty of opportunities to develop their fluency Wright, 1997:46. Even though, students are going to make a mistake or may not
find the word they need. However, students will learn from the mistakes they made then try to avoid them in advance. Retelling is a challenge to do what you
can with what you have. When students read a story, they will get main ideas. Then retelling is a connection between the ideas that students get with what they
retell. If students are able to talk with their own words, they have understood the story.
Therefore, retelling is one way to help students to talk in speaking class, especially with their limited English vocabularies. It gives them opportunity to
construct sentences from the story they read. It also gives them better understanding from the main ideas they get.
2.2.6 Technique for Retelling Story
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