B. Research Design
The researcher used qualitative research as the method of research. According to Moleong 2010 qualitative research is a research which has purpose to understand
the phenomenon happened to the subject of the research in the form of words description. Schmid as cited in Krefting 1990: 214 defines qualitative research as
“The study of the empirical world from the viewpoint of the person under study.” According to Ospina 2004: 8 the reasons to use qualitative research are:
1. To explore a phenomenon that has not been studied before 2. To add rich detail and nuance to the phenomenon that illustrates or
documents existing knowledge. 3. To better understand a topic by studying it simultaneously.
4. To try to understand any social phenomenon from the perspective of the actors involved, rather than explaining it unsuccessfully from the
outside. 5. To understand complex phenomena that is difficult or impossible to
approach or to capture quantitatively.
To be more specific, the researcher was interested in qualitative research in the form of naturalistic study. According to Mulyana 2003 naturalistic study has
assumption that the behavior of a group of people only could be understood through analysis of their natural setting. So, a natural setting is not a made up setting like
experiment or formal interview. Qualitative method in the naturalistic inquiry was chosen because:
1. It is more adaptable to deal with multiple realities. 2. It exposed the nature of the transaction between researcher and respondent
or object.
3. It is more sensitive to and adaptable to many mutually shaping influences and values patterns that may be encouraged.
Lincoln and Guba, 1985
This naturalistic study was conducted as natural as possible and the researcher did not attempt to manipulate the subject of the research so it is adaptable to deal with
multiple realities or situations. In this study, the researcher interlaced a relation and getting closer to the object of the research to gather thorough information which were
gained from natural setting not a made up setting, thus it exposed the transaction between researcher and respondent. This study is more adaptable to many mutually
shaping influences means that all changes of the situation of the subject will not disturb the process of the study as long the object is still in the natural setting and the
changes of the research object‟s situation will be included in the study. In this research, the researcher doing observation to the document used in the
process of teaching and learning English, such as: syllabus, lesson plan, and handout book. After that, the researcher doing interview with the English teacher and three
students of XI grade SLB B YRTRW Surakarta. The researcher also doing observation on the side of the classroom without getting involved in the process of
teaching and learning process. Thus, the process could be conducted as natural as possible.
C. Data Sources
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