The Background of the Analysis

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 The Background of the Analysis

Language is purely important as a tool of communication. As human beings, it is needed as a medium of communication through which we express our emotions, ideas, feelings and thoughts to our fellow people. As a member of the society or social group language is used to convey our needs, desires, and everything what someone wants to express to the society. And also it indicates the existence of human beings. It means that we, as human being can not do our activities without using the language. Whatever we do in this world, we use language to express everything in our mind, for example: warning someone or requesting something, ect. We can also express what in our mind by using gesture or body movement, actions signals and sound, for example, if we want to say “no” we can move our head from side to side. So, I predict that language is the means of communication or sounds, signs, symbols that have meaning. One of the linguistic aspects is concerned with the contrastive analysis. Ridwan 1998:8 state that Analisis Kontrastif adalah suatu metode penganalisisan linguistik yang berusaha mendeskripsikan, membuktikan dan menguraikan perbedaan atau persamaan aspek-aspek kebahasaan dari dua bahasa atau lebih yang dibandingkan. The use of terms ‘similarity and dissimilarity’ are narrow or limited because those term refer to the condition if all aspects that are compared are same they can be said ‘similarity’ and vise versa. So, it is advised to use the terms ‘correspondence’, ‘partly- correspondence’, and ‘non-correspondence’. Universitas Sumatera Utara In this occasion, I would like to make the contrast between English and Achehnese in terms of suffixes. It has been known that suffix is one of the affixes. Katamba 1993:44 says that ‘An affix is a morpheme which only occurs when attached to some other morpheme or morphemes such as a root or stem or base.’ Obviously, by definition affixes are bound morpheme. Nida 1949:6 says that ‘morpheme is the meaningful unit of which language is composed.’ Affix is concluded bound morpheme because it can not stand alone and must be attached to the based form. It is also the same with suffix because as it was said above, suffix is one of the affixes. Katamba 1993:44 says that a suffix is an affix attached after a root or stem or base slow–ly, -er, -ist, -s, -ing and -ed. For example: Base form suffix ENGLISH big + -er bigger ACHEHNESE rayeuk ray ə’ + -that Өαt rayeukthat ray ə’Өαt ‘big’ ‘bigger’ English and Achehnese absolutely come from different language families. And also, I come from Achehnese family. Achehnese is one of the native ethnic groups of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Indonesia. Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam consists of 21 regencies of local governments that is 17 regencies and 4 municipalities, and 228 Universitas Sumatera Utara districts with amount of resident 4.075.599 people, do not include foreign citizens, base on Statistic Bureau’s Report of 2004. Achehnese speakers are mostly live in 5 regencies and 3 municipalities of local governments, they are : Regencycity Capital Sub District Village Population 1. Aceh Besar Jantho 22 601 301.575 2. Pidie Sigli 30 948 469.888 3. Aceh Utara Lhoksukon 22 852 487.526 4. Bireuen Bireuen 10 541 348.057 5. Aceh Timur Idie 21 484 312.014 6. Banda Aceh Banda Aceh 9 89 239.146 7. Lhokseumawe Lhokseumawe 3 68 138.663 8. Langsa Langsa 3 51 135.167 Source : 2004.Buku Saku NAD 2004. Banda Aceh:Badan Pusat StatistikBPS, NAD And some of Achehnese live in 12 others regencies and 1 other municipality of local governments, they are : Regencycity Capital Sub District Village Population 1. Simeulue Sinabang 8 135 71.517 2. Aceh Singkil Singkil 13 189 144.684 3. Aceh Selatan Tapak Tuan 16 247 185.704 4. Aceh Tenggara Kuta Cane 11 250 168.229 5. Aceh Tengah Takengon 10 209 285.619 6. Aceh Barat Meulaboh 11 321 160.545 7. Aceh Barat Daya Blangpidie 6 129 111.100 8. Gayo Lues Blangkejeren 5 97 68.312 9. Aceh Tamiang Kuala Simpang 8 209 229.520 10. Nagan Raya Jeuram 5 222 110.486 11. Aceh Jaya Calang 6 172 79.155 12. Bener Meriah Simpang Tiga 7 115 13. Sabang Sabang 2 18 28.692 Source : 2004.Buku Saku NAD 2004. Banda Aceh:Badan Pusat StatistikBPS, NAD The rest resident of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam are the speakers of the following languages : Gayo, Alas, Tamieng, Jamee, Singkil, Kluet, Sigulai, and Defayan on the Simeulu island. Universitas Sumatera Utara In doing this analysis, I just focus on analyzing suffixes in 5 regencies and 3 municipalities, they are Aceh Besar, Pidie, Aceh Utara, Bireun, Aceh Timur, Banda Aceh, Lhokseumawe and Langsa. Dealing with the contrastive analysis between English and Achehnese in affixation process especially in suffixes, the writer is going to answer the question “Are there any correspondences, partly correspondences, and non-correspondences between English and Achehnese in terms of their suffixes?”

1.2 The Problems of the Analysis