37 then each of the information is used as themes for some next clauses Paltridge,
2008:148. Thus, Multiple TP is used in some clauses which have same referring rheme. In this case, a rheme which becomes referring of these some themes contains
different pieces of information. The example of multiple TP which is taken from Paltridge 2008:149
The two alphabets are called hiragana and katakana
The chinese ideograms are called kanji Hirogana
represents the 46 basic sounds that are made in the Japanese language
Katakana is used mainly for words borrowed from foreign
Languages
2.2.5. Writing Skill
Writing is the process of expressing the idea into written language. Writing process needs writers‟ logical competency. Some writers have different background
of knowledge and writing experience Moort-Hart in Santrock, 2011: 373. Besides, Shaari 2007:12 says that writers do some cognitive processes such as thinking and
giving value. Writing can be practiced in elementary and secondary school Graham in
Santrok, 2011:273. In high level of elementary and junior school, students should have learned to make a text through various reflection and analysis
Conley in
38 Santrok, 2011:273. They correlate their idea into a whole text. In addition, Steinberg
1990:81 says that the progress of writing is involved by gradual elaboration. It means that there is development of organizing the idea or information by a writer.
39
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter describes research method. It consists of research design, data of the research, method of collecting data, method of analyzing data, and procedure of
analysis.
3.1. Research Design
This research was conducted using qualitative research approach. Qualitative approach is used for knowing the phenomena of the use of theme and TP types in
respondents‟ texts. It is similar to Rubin and Babbie 2009:218 who state that “qualitative research is especially appropriate to the study of phenomena that can be
understood within their natural setting”. It is suitable for this research since this research look out the phenomena of the use theme and TP types in the respondents‟
texts and then it is continued by the discussion of their implication in teaching writing.
In addition, this research used descriptive qualitative research. Cooper 2012:7 states qualitative research relates to the comprehension and description of a
phenomenon. Descriptive qualitative research helps the researcher to discuss the finding clearly.
