15 a
Long nasal e: They haven’t = They ain’t= They ‘e’
They aren’t= They ain’t= They ‘e’ They didn’t= They ain’t= They ‘e’
b Long nasal o:
They are going to= They gon’= They ‘o’ They do not= They don’= They ‘o’
They will not= They won’= They ‘o’ From the example above, it concludes two future forms and one present tense
form, all expressed in the same vowel in BEV.
2. Standard English
Standard English is a term to name English which is in good arrangement of its grammar. In other words, English is formal language that is used to speak in
formal situation or the situation when white people talk with white people and also when white people talk with dark people. It also defines as an unusual dialect
in a number of ways. By far Standard English is the most important dialect in the English-speaking world from a social, intellectual and cultural point of view and it
does not have an associated accent. It was selected as the standard variety precisely because it was the variety associated with the social group with the
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16 highest degree of power, wealth and prestige. Subsequent developments have
reinforced its social character, the fact that it has been employed as the dialect of an education to which pupils, especially in earlier centuries, have had differential
access depending on their social class background. Trudgil; 1999: 117-128 as published in Tony Bex Richard J. Watts; 1999
3. Creole
Creole is a native language or local language used as media of communication in a society. According to Encyclopaedia of Britannica 1768,
Creole is composite or pidgin language that has become established as the native language of a speech community. The examples are Haitian Creole derived from
French, Louisiana Creole derived from French, Melanesian Pidgin derived from English, and many others. Typically, a Creole arises when the speakers of
one language become economically or politically dominant over speakers of another language or languages, particularly if the latter are illiterate. At first, a
simplified or otherwise modified form of the language of the dominant group comes to be used for communication between members of the different groups. At
this stage, the communication language is a lingua franca and the simplified language in its forms is a pidgin. When the lingua franca becomes the standard or
native language of a community, usually the language of the less dominant group has become a Creole.
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4. Theory of Language in Use
