experimental class by applying Collaborative Strategic Reading CSR in teaching reading, and then the research observed the result through classroom observation
and test pre-test and post-test in order to know whether or not Collaborative Strategic Reading CSR is effective on
students‟ reading comprehension achievement on narrative text.
C. The Population and Sample of The Research
The population of this research was the first grade students of SMA Mathla‟ul
Huda Parung Panjang-Bogor. There are only two classes of the first grade, therefore the technique of sampling that used by the writer is quota sampling.
Quota sampling is a non probability sampling technique that is used when the researcher was unable to take a probability sample but is still able to select
subjects oon the basis of characteristics of the population.
4
In this research, the population were 70 first grade students in two classes. The writer took X.I as the experimental class that has 35 students and X.II as the
controlled class that has 35 students. X.I was chosen as the experimental class
because it had lower mean score in pre-test than X.II; X.I was 54.67 and X.II was 57.16 The experimental class was taught reading comprehension through
Collaborative Strategic Reading CSR technique, while the other was taught through Grammar Translation Method GTM. The teaching and learning process
was carried out for four meetings. In the last, the writer only got 30
students‟ data as sample in each class. This condition happened because there were some students who did not come in each
meeting, either in pre-test, treatment, or post-test. Hence, the writer decided to take only 30 students as sample in each class based on their attendance.
D.
Instrument
The instrument of this study was a test of English which consists of 30 multiple choice questions about narrative texts taken from some books of English
4
Ibid., p. 93.
for First Grade. The 30 items of the tests is tested to the students from the second grade. After test is applied, the researcher measures the instruments‟ validity and
reliability used ANATEST. For the ANATEST result, it can be seen on appendices.
E. The Data Collection Technique
Technique of collecting data in this research used pre-test and post-test that was given to both experimental class and control class. In this research, the
researcher gave pre- test to see the students‟ basic capability in reading before
using Collaborative Strategic Reading CSR technique in reading class. The next test was post-test which will measure the effectiveness of using Collaborative
Strategic Reading CSR techniq ue on students‟ reading comprehension
achievement in a certain period.
F. The Data Analysis Technique
The gathered data are used to find out the differences of students‟achievement in experimental class and controlled class. In line with this, the writer uses
statistic calculation through t-test formula in manual calculation. It is used to examine the
significance difference of students‟ reading comprehension achievement between experimental class and controlled class. The formula of t-
test as follow:
5
Notes:
M
1
= Mean of Variable X experimental class M
2
= Mean of variable Y controlled class SE = Standard Error
There are several stages taken to get the calculation of t-test, it can be seen as follow:
5
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2006, p. 314.
