Beside using good method of translation, a translator should take a look on the other aspect that lead translation work to be a good one, and the
closest one with the target language, such as equivalence.
2.5 Equivalence in Translation
Catford 1974:20 states that translation is “the replacement of textual
material in one language SL by equivalent textual material in another language TL
”. It means that equivalence is the important thing that must be achieved in translation process to produce a good translation.
Larson 1984:57 suggests that “a translator will often find that there is
no exact equivalent between the languages”. There will be overlap in a
translation product, and there is seldom a complete match between languages. When translating some words in SL into TL, sometimes translator
finds it difficult to find the words in TL that have the same meaning with the words in SL. This happen because not every word in one language can be
translated into another. As the way to solve it, translator must modify his translation by using
another word in TL that equivalence with the words in SL so the reader of the translation in TL can understand more what the original author want to
tell. Translator has to have deep knowledge about both language, SL and TL, in order to find the equivalence words. It is important thing to do to make
sure the message from original author in SL can be delivered and transferred correctly in the translation using TL.
There are two types of equivalence based on Catford‟s model of equivalence 1965: 74:
1. Formal correspondence is any TL category unit, class, element of
structure, etc which can be said to occupy as nearly as possible the “same” place in the “economy” of the TL as the given SL category
occupies in the SL. For example: translating a noun by a noun:
SL old man TL laki-laki tua
2. Textual equivalence is any TL text of portion of text which is
observed on a particular occasion to be the equivalent of a given SL text or portion of text.
For example: translating nominal by a verb:
SL We had a very long talk. TL Kami berbicara lama sekali.
Beside equivalence is the important thing that must be achieved in translation process, shift in translation also must be used to produce a good
translation.
2.6 Shift in Translation
