The Discourse or Semiosis
85
corruptor and anti-graft, and second, to identify their political strategy to win in the arena.
The third dominant process briefly representing the contradiction situation of the corruption object is relational. The relational process is a process from
action to being. This process deals with things which are stated to exist in relation to other things. The experiences of being are assigned attributes or
identities. There are two types of relational. The first is relational attributive which involves a relationship expressed by the verb be or a synonym, between
Carrier an independent nominal participant and Attributive indefinite nominal participant. This sub-type of the relational process means to clarify that
‗x carries the attribute a
‘. For example: 34.
the former chairman of the United Development Party PPP was too ill to
meet with KPK investigators ‘ 8, II, B
35.
―It is untrue that my client is afraid of being detained. 19, V, A
Linking verb in the clause is indicated as relational attributive. The linking verb in
here is used to express a condition OALD8. In this analysis of sentence 34, ‗the former chairman of the United Development Party PPP‘ is the attribute
while ‗too ill‘ is the carrier. The importance refers to the projection ‗to meet‘ and
the circumstance ‗with KPK‘. This relational process of attributive shows that the
bad illness of Attribute ‗SDA‘ come right after KPK summon him to come to the
commission ‘s office at Kuningan, South Jakarta. In the sentence 35, ‗my client‘ is
Carrier. Thereby referential-it emerges to clearly define Attribute of ‗untrue‘ and
‗afraid of being detained‘. This relational attributive process can identify the factual condition of SDA who was ill and not afraid of being detained. Next
86
linguistic analysis of relational identifying can help to find out that this condition is contradictory.
The second sub-type of the relational process is identifying which refers to define that
‗x serves to define the identity of y‘. Important to know that ‗x‘ element refers to an Identified while
‗an‘ element serves as an Identifier. For example:
36.
He is more than ready to face today‘s questioning, but confusion with
the summons letter prevented him from coming. ‘ 20, V, A
37.
It says he will be questioned as a ‗witness‘ in the case but in fact, his status is as a
‗suspect‘,‖ 24, V, A These sentences are some pieces of SDA
‘s lawyer proposition to speak publicly his client
‘s absence. The linking verb ‗is‘ refers to describe a situation or saying OALD8. The implication of these sentences is the state
‗a fact‘ of existence, being present. The projection of
‗to face‘ in sentence 36 indicates as a material which implied
‗against‘. The using of Conjunctive Adjunct but is indicated as
the contrast OALD8. Mood adjunct of intensity ‗in fact‘ appears in the text to
indicate counter-expectancy. Related to previous analysis of the relational attributive process, there are entities being contradictory between two different
texts. The opposite of expecting or hoping the state is indicated by the usage of
but for two times in
Djemat‘s quotation. Either relational attributive or relational identifying proves the identical
finding that the various linguistic and politic tactics are produced significantly by the opposed group against KPK. TJP journalists intend to state that the corruptors
speak loudly and blatantly about his innocent, instead of using point finger –
blaming the Other for a crime. In conclusion, these relational analyses can PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
87
indicate the contradiction between reality and expectation and imply the fact to fight against KPK belongs to him who commits to corruption.
The fourth dominant process in this case representing the KPK obedience to the law is mental. The mental process is a process which encodes meanings of
thinking or feeling. The speaker of a language very often talks not about what he or she is doing, but also about what he thinks or feels. The mental process is
different from the material process because it relates mental reactions like thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. The involved participants in this process are
Senser and Phenomenon. For example, 38.
Separately, KPK acting chairman Taufiqurrahman Ruki said that he
respected Suryadharma ‘s move to challenge his legal status, 42, XII,
C 39.
Meanwhile, Andreas claimed that he had requested that the KPK
reschedule the questioning for his client, but failed to say whom he had met with at the KPK headquarters on Tuesday. 36, X, A
In the sentence, 38 shows Comment Adjunct ‗separately‘ and indicates writer‘s
subjectivity in the proposition. Verbs respected to challenge are categorized as
mental process even though the projection are material. The clause ‗he respected
Suryadharma
‘s move‘ defines the relative clause to challenge his legal status. The using of verb respected has an aim to employ the emotive states of worried
or feeling concerned about SDA legal move OALD8. The Marked Interpersonal Theme again appears to indicate
‗KPK acting chairman‘ or
Taufiqurrahman Ruki. Hence, in the sentence 39 but is used to indicate the
Conjunctive Adjunct of adversative. It means that it is the opposite of what previously has been said by Subject
‗Andreas‘. Unmarked Theme of ‗Andreas‘ is not necessary again to show up.
88
The analysis of mental process helps to uncover the intricate meaning of journalists which encodes in the text. The using of verbs intentionally needs to
focus the Senser and the Phenomenon. The Senser is a sad and pathetic person while refers to KPK. Representation of KPK position in the arena is inferior,
powerless and marginalized because the commission must be obedience to the law and show respect to the court. On the other hand, the Senser is a cunning
person while refers to Andreas, the lawyer of SDA. SDA is reported by TJP as a representation of dominant corruptors using the law for implementing the
trickery action. The Phenomenon can express the Acts of perception and the Facts. In conclusion, mental analysis really helps the researcher find out that the
intended meaning of verbs employed in the text influence the reader about the agents‘ vague sense of the world.
The last process is existential. This process thereby can be employed to determine the propaganda action. The existential process is a process of
representing that something exists or happens. This process is not very common but makes an important, specialized contribution to various kinds of text.
Existential clauses are easy to identify because the structure consists of the word there and employs the verb be or synonyms like exist, remain, arise, occur, come
about, happen, take place, follow, ensure, sit, stand, lie, hang, rise, stretch, emerge, grow, erupt, flourish, prevail. For example:
40.
The KPK acknowledged that there was a typographical error concerning
Suryadharma ‟s status. 28, VI, A
The existential ‗there‘ is neither a participant nor a circumstance. It has no
function in the transitivity structure of the clause but offers to indicate the existence. The employment of
‗there‘ is the unique lexical elements of this PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
89
process. The Existent is a typographical error concerning Suryadharma ‟s status
and construes as an event. It is shown in an action which is a non-finite clause. These findings clarify how TJP journalist employs language choice to influence
the reader about propaganda statement. The representation of it can describe that KPK minor mistake influence SDA to react this unpredictable condition.
The difficulty for the researcher which the problem being tackled is
recontextualization which appears in TJP news texts to construct the
representation of ‗corruption‘. The researcher finds that it is important to comprehend the way how TJP as media frame the news story by employing
intertextuality or interdiscursivity analysis
– how particular types of interaction articulate together different genres, discourses, and styles. It is
articulated in a text as a special event, is inserted into different new context as a set of practice and is combined with a different sort of language to form an
object analysis of ‗corruption‘. This part of analysis entails the considerable
importance in restructuring and rescaling of what is called as ‗corruption‘:
discovering the entity from genre to genre, from discourse to discourse and from one domain of style to another.
Battles between KPK and corruptors in a political arena are framed greatly as a main issue of the media strategy. The role of TJP journalists become
‗a narrator
‘ telling systematical interesting stories. They are not only to inform but also to attract readers
‘ attention. The aim is in the politically rhetoric. Hence, the support from society is TJ
P‘s aim. Public participation is of the essence in the fight against corruption Hardjapamekas, 2006. Corruption is located in a set of
practices in the TJP texts but is inserted into a different context. These PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
90
corruption representations can be misrepresentations. Because they are ideological, they contribute to sustaining power relations between text producer
and reader about day-to-day social actions. For example, TJP journalists give ‗a name‘ to other practices in reporting SB‘s case below:
41.
Due to his powerful position in control of the energy ministry Sutan
also allegedly instructed Rudi to rig the bidding for a lucrative multimillion-dollar oil project held by a local unit of US energy giant
Chevron, in which Edhie ―Ibas‖ Baskoro, the youngest son of former
president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, was also implicated. 41, X, E 42.
It has become common practice for state agencies under the supervision of ministries to be used as cash cows. 39, IX, E
43. The case against Sutan was first revealed after graft and money-
laundering convict and former Upstream Oil and Gas Regulatory Special Task Force SKKMigas head, Rudi Rubiandini, testified at the Jakarta
Corruption Court last year that the multimillion dollar bribes he received from a number of oil and gas companies were partly
channeled to the House as payoffs to Sutan and other Commission VII members. 31, VII, E
By employing transitivity analysis, these sentences can be interpreted objectively. In sentence 41, the process is verbal indicated by
‗instructed‘ referring to an official order from the superior, Sutan OALD8. The Comment
Adjunct ‗allegedly‘ means to TJP‘s position in supporting anti-corruption
movement. The Sayer ‗Sutan‘ obviously makes a reference to the Receiver of
saying
‗Rudi‘. The bold phrase due to his powerful position in control of the energy ministry is Marked Topical Theme. This evidence can indicate
nepotism. The verbiage is‘ the bidding for a lucrative multimillion-dollar oil project held by a local unit of US energy giant Chev
ron‘. It can indicate collusion. The implication of this sentence can infer, first, the agents
relate each other not only the corruptors but also other agents. They constitute both governments the House of Representative members, the
91
ministries, etc and non-governments the politicians in parties, the private stakeholders, etc. Second, the term of corruption is broader.
In sentence 42, the independent participant of Carrier ‗it‘ is non-referential
which indicates unclear definite antecedent. The relational process of ‗has become‘
indicates the pre-existing of an Attributive ‗common practice‘. Metaphorical
word ‗cash cows‘ indicates a reliable and profitable property as a source of money OALD8. The implication of using this kind of structure can infer to a
reason that for state agencies doing corruption are frequently as a cultural way of life especially for those holds great symbolic capitals in the governmental
position. In sentence 43, the material process
‗were channeled to‘ indicates to the passive
voice which doesn‘t need a doer because Actor has already said previously, Rudi Rubiandini. The implication of this sentence can refer to who
are being corruptors. The recipient ‗the House‘ shows the parliamentary
involvement of demanding money. The bold clause of scope entity ‗the
multimillion dollar bribes he received from a number of oil and gas companies‘ is not affected by the verb ‗were channeled‘ and indicate explicitly about the bribe,
also implicitly about graft that Rudi gives to the House Representatives especially Commission VII members.
This linguistic evidences can prove that these elements which are simply taken as
‗given‘ or ‗truth‘ are a set of the powerful political network. According to Saputri and Suratnoaji 2015, the involvement of parties, politicians, and
governments in Indonesia lies on expensive political and democratic budgeting for nominating himself whether wants to become a member of legislative
92
council, the holder of supreme executive power at the local level e.g. governor or even the president. These very large sums of money which come from his own
purse should be spent at least to the party as the ‗booking-fee‘, to campaign in
various media, to celebrate money politics for the sympathizers and to pay the witnesses at the voting booth for successful competition. This condition,
however, creates the conditions which can financially and symbolically cause the chosen politician to enjoy the powerful position at the governmental
institution and to ask his money back by corrupting. This last step of analysis can help the researcher to conduct proper discourse analysis in order to find out the
text reconstruction consider to be a fact of life. In conclusion, the representations of such reality are an obstacle to the problem which is being tackled.