Data Gathering Technique Research Instruments and Data Gathering Technique

� ∑ � × 100 Brown and Rod gers 2002 state, “The type of survey where respondents are asked to register their reactions on a strongly agree, agree, disagree, and strongly disagree scale is commonly referred to as a Likert scale” p. 120. As a matter of fact, there was one point to consider. In this study, the researcher asked the respondents to be resolute in taking side whether they agreed or disagreed. Thus, the respondent would be required to indicate each statement whether they chose to strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree. In terms of dealing with the closed-ended questionnaire, the researcher calculated the number of circles on each degree of agreement of every single statement. Afterwards, the researcher calculated the raw data into percentage. In this case, every single point of statement was recapped in form of percentage using this formula: x = the number of participants who choose to strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree n = the total number of the participants Meanwhile, the data from the open-ended questionnaire would be classified. The data were summarized, and then those data would be compared and contrasted to the theory. Adopting Cohen, Manion, and Morrison ’s 2000 theory, this study had four stages in analyzing interview pp. 282-283. They are: a. Generating natural units of meaning. Firstly, the researcher started to note the frequencies of ideas as well as words from the interview data. b. Classifying, categorizing and ordering these units of meaning. In this step, the researcher began to set the items into classifications as well as category. c. Structuring narratives to describe the interview contents. In this step, the researcher began to bring the data to life. In the same way, it was done by connecting the data with the theory provided. d. Interpreting the interview data. In this last step, the researcher tried to interpret the interview data by explaining the phenomena according to the theories.

F. Research Procedure

In this study, the steps of conducting the descriptive research which were proposed by Ary, et al. 2010 were used. These steps are: 1. Selecting a problem. In the first step, the researcher looked for the problem to be discussed in this study. The reason of selecting the problem as well as choosing the topic of the research had been elaborated in the first chapter. The problem statement of this study asked about what students’ perceptions as well as suggestions on the implementation of Jesuit values in Critical Reading and Writing II course were. 2. Reviewing the literature on the problem. In this step, the researcher listed all of the information that needed to be collected. At the same time, the researcher also categorized the information. Then, the researcher began to