perception, pedagogy, Ignatian pedagogy as well as Jesuit values because those theories are directly related to this research. All things considered, it is expected
that by elaborating those theories, the two formulated problems would be answered.
1. Critical Reading and Writing II Course
In this section, the course description of Critical Reading and Writing II is elaborated. In addition, the definition of being a critical reader as well as critical
writer will also be elaborated.
a. Course Description
Critical Reading and Writing II course is one of the compulsory courses of the English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University.
This course is offered in semester 4; to be eligible to take this course, students need to pass Critical Reading and Writing I course English Language Education
Study Program, 2011, p. 39. The English Language Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University 2011 lays emphasis
Critical Reading and Writing II is designed as a project-based class to facilitate students to access into a large amount of reading through which
students acquire information, which thus enhances the progress of their knowledge and the development of their critical reading and writing skills
p. 38.
b. Definitions of ‘Critical’
In the English language, the meaning of critical depends upon the context Carroll, et al., 2014, p.4. Critical is expressing or involving an analysis of the
merits and faults of a work of literature, music or art “Critical”. In Critical
Reading and Writing II course, the students are expected to be critical readers as well as critical writers.
Being critical reader means that a person is engaged in what he or she reads by developing a clear understanding of the author
’s ideas, evaluating the arguments and evidence provided to support these arguments, and forming his or
her own opinions Dick, 2011. Goodwyn and Stables 2005 state that as a critical reader, a person needs to meet several criteria p. 7. They are:
1 Consider the authors’ purpose in writing the account
2 Seek to identify the main claims the authors make in putting forward their
argument 3
Question whether the authors have sufficient backing for the generalizations they make
4 Keep an open mind, retaining a conditional willingness to be convinced
In Critical Reading and Writing II course, students are also taught to be critical writers. Goatly 2000 state that a critical writer should star with what the
hearerreader already knows; the second is that when a sequence is described, its elements should be given in the order which they take place 14. In addition,
Goodwyn and Stables 2005 also proposes several criteria of a critical writer p. 7. They are:
1 State his or her purpose in what he or she writes to make it clear to his or
her readers 2
State his or her own main claims clearly to help the readers understand his or her argument
