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f. Reflections
Refection is thinking about what students have learned or done. Teachers and students need to think about how the process went and come
up with ways to improve and continue on with the inquiry. The purpose of reflection is to identify what students have know and what students have
not known yet, so the teacher can adds what the students have not known. The ways is by asking the students about what they have learned or ask
their opinion about the teaching learning process.
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g. Authentic Assessment
Authentic assessment refer to a set of criteria for assessments, there are:
1 Students make judgments involving critical thinking and problem
solving 2
They are “realistic” in that they “replicate contexts in which a person’s knowledge and abilities are „tested’ in real world situations.”
3 They “do” the subject as historians or scientist would.
4 They present their findings in such settings where they can rehearse
and receive immediate, direct feedback, thereby being able to modify their conclusions.
For both Newmann and Wiggins, assessment must involve challenging students to engage in complex intellectual work, kind found in
the world beyond learning stuff from a textbook. This involves the complex task of applying concepts, ideas, principles, skills to complex,
problematic situations . For example, “How would we analyze
comparecontrast the check and balance within the French or British parliamentary system? What conclusions could we draw following such as
an analysis? These kinds of challenges are the real test of the depth and quality
of students’ understandings. This is one of the major goals of education: application of the knowledge and skills to life situations. Education is for
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Robert G. Berns and Patricia M. Ericson, Contextual Teaching and Learning: Preparing Students for the new Economy. The highlight zone Research Work. No.5, 2001.
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life now as Dewey noted, not at same distant point in the future. Delaying application is one reason why so many students are so bored in
class and teachers often hear “when am I ever going to use this?”
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4. The Strategies in CTL
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