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perceptions toward their video project depend on the sensation and interpretation which are processed in their brains. These theories of perception are used in this
study becau se the students’ perceptions on the video projects are influenced by
stimuli and motivation .
b. Perceptual Process
A perception is a process of receiving information about the environment Forgus, 1966. In this study, a perce
ption refers to the students’ opinios about their experiences. A perceptual process is a step which is used by people to
interpret information. Altman et al 1985 shows how perceptual process happens see Figure 2.1.
Figure 2.1. The perceptual process
Based on the diagram, the perceptual process begins from stimuli which are selected by our sensory receptors to be interpreted. The data from stimulus are
selected by individual sensors and people can interpret the sensory message. Information which is interpreted can be different depends on some factors. That is
why each student may have different perceptions on the video project.
Stimuli Sensor
selection of
Perception, organization
and interpretation
of stimuli Behavioral
response
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c. Factors Influencing Perception
There are four important factors which influence person’s perception Sharma, 2015. The first factor is perceptual learning. People learn to emphasize
some sensory inputs and to ignore other things. For such perceptual skill, experience is the best teacher. The students who got a training for a particular skill
are better than untrained people. Referring to this study, students who already experienced the same video projects may have different perceptions. They may
realize that a video project is one of the teaching media which is beneficial especially in learning English.
The second factor is mental set. Someone’s readiness to receive some sensory inputs called mental set. It requires good attention and concentration.
Related to this study, students who put well attention when the video project is given will be different with the students who did not really put attention. A video
project will be responded well when the students are ready to receive the learning process and they have good intention on learning English.
The third factor is motives and needs. These factors show that person’s
motives and needs will influence perceptions. For the example, students who are motivated to learn English will receive a
ll the teachers’ teaching media because they have good intention in learning English. They will create the video project
with full of spirit because it is their needs to be successful in learning English. Another exp
ert also explains some factors which influence someone’s perception. Altman et al. 1985 explains the first factor which influences
perception is selection of stimuli. A stimulus which is received by person is PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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different with others because people perceive things differently. People have different interests toward something. Referring to this research, there are many
ways to learn English. Students have their own ways in learning English. Some of them are interested in creating video to learn English. The second factor is
organization of stimuli. People’s perceptions are influenced by the arrangement of stimuli, so that stimuli should be organized. Stimuli can be interpreted as
meaningful information if there is a categorization of stimuli and become simpler. It means that every meaningful information comes from the activities that can
effect someone’s behavior. The third factor is situation. What people perceive toward something
depends on their expectation on situation that they experience. Altman., et al 1985 states that situation and past experience effect person perceives something.
When person finds situation that she or he already experienced, she or he will recall the past experience.
The last factor is self-concept. A self-concept is the way people perceive about themselves. Self-
concept is important because it can affect people’s perceptions and it can determine what people perceive and do. Those eight factors
from two experts are about factors which can influence people’s perceptions. The next discussion is about the relation between perception and learning.
d. Relation between perception and learning
There is a relation between perception and learning. Kleinke 1978 states that perception is important because it influences the students in learning. When
