The Process of Translation
Nida and Taber also stated that the good translation should follow the steps of process. It described in three steps: 1 analysis, in which the surface
structure i.e., the message as given in language A is analyzed in terms of a the grammatical relationship and b the meanings of the word and combinations of
words; 2 transfer, in which the analyzed material is transferred in the mind of the translator from language A to language B; 3 restructuring, in which the
transferred material is restricted in order to make the final message fully acceptable in the receptor language 33. The steps of process of translating that
are described by Nida and Taber is practical and comprehensive in comparing the equivalency between source language and target language. The process of
translating according Nida and Taber can be represented as follow:
A Source B Receptor
Analysis Restructuring
X Transfer Y
Image 2.3The Process of Translating According Nida and Taber
Sayogie in his book, Teori Praktik Penerjemahan, gave the example of the process of translation application by Nida and Taber. It represented as follow,
25-49
Source Language text The processes of linguistic change and its consequences will be treated
below. Here, cultural change in general and its relation to language will be considered. By far the greatest part of learned behavior, which is what culture
involves, is transmitted by vocal instruction, not by imitation. Some imitation is clearly involved, especially in infancy, in the learning process, but
proportionately, this is hardly significant.
I. Analysis This is the step of looking for the equivalent of target language. It
clarifies the translating to obtain accuracy, clarity, and naturalness from source language text.
Proses perubahan ilmu bahasa dan konsekuensinya akan diperlakukan di bawah. Di sini, perubahan budaya di dalam umum dan hubungannya ke bahasa
akan dipertimbangkan. Betul-betul yang terbesar bagian dari perilaku terdipelajari, yang mana adalah apa yang kultur melibatkan, dipancarkan oleh
intruksi berkenaan dengan suara, yang bukan oleh tiruan. Beberapa tiruan dengan jelas dilibatkan, terutama di dalam khayalan, di dalam pelajaran proses,
tetapi dengan sebanding; seimbang, ini dengan susah penting.
II. Transfer In this process, a translator obtain the first target language text
Proses dari perubahan bahasa dan akibat-akibat yang dihasilkan akan dipaparkan di bawah ini. Di sini, perubahan budaya secara umum dan hubungan
perubahan budaya dengan bahasa akan dipertimbangkan. Sejauh yang menyangkut mengenai perilaku belajar, yang mana budaya dilibatkan,
disampaikan melalui suara, bukan melalui pemalsuan. Beberapa pemalsuan jelas-jelas terlibat, terutama pada masa-masa pertumbuhan anak, pada masa
proses belajar, tapi dapat dibandingkan, hal ini tidak begitu signifikan.
III. Restructuring In this process, a translator rearranges the text by the appropriate and
proper style in target language in order to obtain the second target language text. It also involves the form and meaning that being appropriated communicatively
considering the target language.
Proses perubahan ilmu bahasa dan dampak yang diakibatkan oleh perubahan itu akan ditulis di bawah. Dalam tulisan ini, perubahan budaya pada
umumnya dan bagaimana hubungannya dengan bahasa akan dijelaskan. Sejauh yang menyangkut pembelajaran dari perilaku, yang mana budaya ini dilibatkan,
disebarkan melalui instruksi suara, tidak disebarkan dengan pengulangan suara. Beberapa pengulangan terhadap suara yang didengar, dengan jelas dilibatkan,
terutama di dalam masa-masa pertumbuhan, sedang di dalam proses pembelajaran, hal ini tidak begitu signifikan.
Based on the explanations of process of translating that have been stated by the theorist, the researcher concludes that the good quality of translation is
supported by the willingness of translator to pass through the process of translating gradually and carefully, and also doing the checking process repeatedly
to obtain the accurate translation.