CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
To analyze Textual Elements and Translation Methods of Indonesiand and English version of
Toeti Heraty‘s Poems, the researcher needs references which are related to translation analysis. The theories discuss about definition of
translation, poetry and translation that includes the definition of poetry, the forms and genres of poetry and the difficulties of poetry translation, translation methods
by Andre Lavefere, textual elements of poetry and the biography of the author and translator.
2.1 Definition of Translation
Translation has an important function in language, without translation we will not know the meaning from another language. Translation, in common
meaning, is transferring an idea, a knowledge and a purpose from Source Language SL into Target Language TL.
Many experts also try to make explain the meaning of translation, such as Newmark 1988 considers
―translation as a craft in which the translator tries to replace a written massage in one language by the same massage in another
language. ‖ According to Newmark‘s statement, the message of language is very
mandatory. Study translation can avoid a misunderstanding for source and target language. Next, In Translation: Applications and Research, Brislin 1976: 1
defines translation as;
The general term referring to the transfer of thoughts and ideas from one language source to another target, whether the languages are in written
or oral form whether the languages have established orthographies or do not have such standardization or whether one or both languages is based
on signs, as with sign languages of the deaf.
Fro m Brislin‘s statement, we know that translation can be done in written
and oral form. Translating consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of
meaning and secondly in terms of style. Not all language has same meaning with another language. To solve this problem, translators usually give a closest
meaning from the source language to make clear the target language. Based on the definitions of translation above, there are some judgements
which express good and bad translation text. The first is meaning and content of the text should be same between source language SL and target language TL.
Second is the naturalness of the target language. The translation texts should look natural to be accepted by the readers.
2.2 Poetry and Translation
Kategori