Methods and Techniques of Presenting Analysis

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURES, CONCEPTS, AND

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 1.1 Literature Reviews There are several studies conducted by previous undergraduate degree students and international articles. Some information and analysis concerning the study of verbal and non-verbal sign are described as follows: The first writing is taken from a study written by Putu Ari Wijaya 2009 entitled “Semiotic Analysis of Bali Taksu Travel’s Brochures”. This study analyzed the two types of signs in Bali Taksu Travel’s Brochures, which were verbal and visual sign. There are two problems that appeared in his study as follows: how the text in Bali Taksu travel’s brochures structured and the messages conveyed by both verbal and visual sign in it. This previous study was using four brochures which were taken from Bali Taksu Travel’s office in Kesiman, Denpasar. The content of the brochures are: first, about exciting and exotic cycling adventures and the second was about Bali private tours to an interesting place. Documentary method was used in collecting the data. The brochures were classified based on composition of verbal and visual signs. The two steps were done by observing the visual message from the image and observing the verbal message which applied on the brochures. In his study, he used theory of verbal signs on tourism brochures which analyzed based on Dyer’s concepts and the visual signs on tourism brochures which analyzed based on the semiotic theory by Chandler. The similarity of this study is analyzing the verbal and visual and find out the messages conveyed by both signs. The difference is the data that have been analyzed. On his study, he focused on tourism brochures, however, in this study is focusing on printed advertisements which are published in the internet. The second writing is a study written by Kadek Windhu Sriwedari 2009 entitled “Verbal and Visual Signs in Printed Advertisement of The Yak Magazine”. In this study, she analyzed the verbal and visual signs in printed advertisement of The Yak magazine. In her study, she focused on the components of signifier as the physical form of verbal and visual signs in printed advertisement. Besides, it focused on the meaning of verbal and visual signs in printed advertisements under study through its context of situation. Her study was using four advertisements as the data source in different edition of The Yak magazines. It contained two advertisements of “Theta” spa and two advertisements of “Nilou” boutique. The data was collected through documentation research by taking several steps, such as: observing some magazines and collecting some interesting advertisements. This study based on theory of advertisement proposed by Leech 1972, theory of context of situation proposed by Halliday and Hasan 1985, and the concept of signifier and signified proposed by Saussure cited in Chandler, 1997. The similarity of this study is analyzing the verbal and visual of printed advertisement. The difference is the problem. Her study focused on meaning through its context of situation; however, this study is focused on the meanings and functions itself.