Health and economic impact of tobacco use

3 Introduction

1.2. Health and economic impact of tobacco use

Based on the Baseline Health Research 2010, an average of 12 cigarettes sticks is consumed per person per day at an average price of IDR 600.00 per stick; the expenditure for tobacco per person per day is thus IDR 7200.00 or IDR 216 000.00 per person per month. This expenditure is larger than the Conditional Cash Transfer CCT programme for poor families of IDR 100 000.00 per family per month. The total medical expenditure on selected major diseases 629 017 hospitalized cases attributed to tobacco use in 2010 was IDR 1.85 trillion; these included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, selected neoplasmscancers and perinatal disorders. It is estimated that there were 1 258 034 ambulatory cases of tobacco-related diseases. With the average expenditure per patient per visit without subsidy of IDR 208.337, the total expenditure for ambulatory services in 2010 was IDR 0.26 trillion. It is estimated that in 2010, 190 260 Indonesians 100 680 men and 89 580 women died due to tobacco-related diseases, accounting for 12.7 of the total deaths in 2010, which was 1 539 288.The total disability-adjusted life years DALYs lost due to premature mortality and disabilities in 2010 was 3 533 000 DALYs . The World Bank and WHO study in 2005 found that low-income households spent 7.2 of their income on tobacco. Affordability of cigarettes has increased in the past decade in Indonesia. Households with smokers spent an average of 11.5 on tobacco products, compared with 11.0 on fish, meat, eggs and milk combined, 2.3 on health and 3.2 on education. Tobacco in Indonesia became 50 more affordable between 1980 and 1998. Cigarette taxes and prices in Indonesia are low relative to other low-income countries and regional averages.Overall, real cigarette prices have remained remarkably stable between 1970 and 2005.

1.3. Tobacco control policies