Review of Related Studies

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE

This study talks nominalization and morphophonemic process in the English words attached by suffix -ion. From the topic, this study uses some theories to support the analysis. They are theory of morpheme, root and stem, allomorph, morphophonemic processes, notation rules and review of suffix -ion. The writer analyzes the theories on the next part of this chapter.

A. Review of Related Studies

Suffixation is the type of affixation. It has so many suffixes within the suffixation like –ment, -icy, -ly, -al, -ial, -ion, and many more. There is thesis about suffix from two students which had been discussed. Bibit Nur Handono 2007: 3 discussed about suffix –ion in his thesis “A Synchronic Study on the Form of English Suffix -ion”. His thesis analyzed two things. First is the allomorph of suffix –ion and the distribution based on the stem. Second is the morphophonemic process which may occur in the attachment of suffix –ion to the stem. Based on his data analysis, Bibit used only synchronic approach to analyze the data. The first step, he organized the data into a different group based on the allomorphs of suffix –ion and defined the environment based on the manner of articulation of the final sounds of the stems. Bibit gave explanation about the distribution of allomorph using the table. In the table, he decided the morpheme which became the underlying form of suffix –ion by seeing the frequency of the occurrences. In morphophonemic process, Bibit analyzed the data by transcribing the phonetic transcription of the words having suffix –ion and the stem. The other example of thesis from Dalan Mehuli Perangin-Angin 2000: 3-5 discussed about suffix –ion in his thesis “A Morphological Study of the English Noun Suffix –ion”. He explained about the phonetic form, the meaning, and the distribution of suffix –ion in derivatives. Dalan used two approaches to analyze his data; both of them are diachronic and synchronic approach. In phonetic form, he tried to find the allomorphs of suffix –ion and morphological or phonological condition in each allomorph so he could make the rules of the occurrences of each allomorph. Besides, Dalan tried to find the meaning of the suffix and the major lexical category. In the distribution, he analyzed the major lexical category and the affixes that form the stems. This study also explains about suffix –ion but it will be different from those two studies. Bibit used only synchronic approach but the writer will use synchronic and diachronic approach. Although, the writer uses the same approaches with Dalan’s thesis, the process of the analysis will be different. Dalan used synchronic and diachronic approaches to analyze the phonetic form, the meaning, and the distribution. In this study, the writer will use synchronic and diachronic approaches to analyze the verb form which can be nominalized by suffix –ion. After that, the writer will give deeper explanation in the types of the nominalization process. Besides, Dalan explained about morphophonemic process. The writer will also explain about morphophonemic process but the different is in the analysis of the types of morphophonemic process. The writer will analyze the data using seven types of morphophonemic processes. They are assimilation, vowel change and consonant change, deletion, dissimilation, metathesis, schwa epenthesis, and stress shift. The other thing that makes those two theses and this study different is the phonological rules. The writer will apply the phonological rules in the explanation of the second question.

B. Review of Related Theories