14 personality cannot be separated from social interaction. This social interaction
shapes a person’s personality. There are no two individuals with the same personality. Each person has
different personality to the others. Allport 1937 defines personality as the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems
which determine a person’s behaviour and thoughts p. 28. Allport believes that personality is biologically determined at birth an
d shaped by a person’s environmental experience. Weinberg and Gould 1999 define personality as the
characteristics or blend of characteristics that make a person unique. Freud 1920 believes that personality has three structures which are the id, the ego and the
superego.
a. Id
Id is centered on primal impulses, pleasures, desires, unchecked urges and wish fulfillment. Freud states that the id is totally unconscious and unaware of its
working. Id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality. It consists of all the inherited biological components of personality, including the sex
instinct and aggressive instinct. It operates on the pleasure principle which is the idea that every wishful impulse should be satisfied immediately, regardless of the
consequences.
b. Ego
Ego is concerned with the conscious, the rational, the moral and the self- aware aspect of the mind. The ego develops to mediate between the unrealistic id
and the external real world. It works like a referee in a match. It is the decision PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
15 making component of personality. The ego operates according to the reality
principle, working human realistic ways of satisfying the id’s demands. It is often
compromising or postponing satisfaction to avoid negative consequences of society. The ego considers social realities and norms, etiquette and rules in
deciding how to behave.
c. Super Ego
The superego includes the values and morals of society which are learned
from ones parents and others. It is similar to a conscience, which can punish the ego through causing feelings of guilt.
5. Psychological Approach
The approach used in this study is psychological approach. Psychoanalytic theory is formed by Sigmund Freud 1856-1939 that states human behaviour is
the outcome of their early experience. Life is made up of different memories which resulted to what people are today. It gives influence on how people view
life, socialize with others and behave. This approach is used to analyze the personality of Charlie which is affected by the unresolved issues and conflicts that
occur from his childhood experiences. According to Freuds psychoanalytic theory, personality develops through
a series of stages. Each stage is characterized by a certain psychological conflict. The psychoanalytic theory believes that behaviours and personalities are
reflections of the contents of the mind’s unconscious part. It states that human PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
