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almost anyone who finds benefit in the free publicity afforded by media coverage. Some people, including many police chiefs, hold news conferences reluctantly in
order to avoid dealing with reporters individually. A news conference is often announced by sending an advisory or news
release to assignment editors, preferably well in advance. Sometimes they are held spontaneously when several reporters gather around a newsmaker.
News conferences can be held just about anywhere, in settings as formal as the White House room set aside for the purpose or as informal as the street in
front of a crime scene. Hotel conference rooms and courthouses are often used for news conferences. http:en,wikipedia.orgwikiNewsConference
E. Systemic Functional Grammar
Systemic Functional Grammar SFG is a model of grammar developed by Michael Halliday in the 1960s. It is a study of linguistics which focuses on the
discourse analysis. This study emphasizes meaning as the fundamental aspect in analyzing language. As stated by Halliday that a language is interpreted as a
system of meanings, accompanied by forms through which the meanings can be realized 1994: xiv. This opinion is also supported by Martin who believes
functional linguistics has a conceptualization of language as a resource of meaning 1992:3.
It is related to the name of this study that SFG carries two concepts: systemic and functional. The term systemic derives from the basic of the
systemic theory. It refers to the view of language as a network of systems, or
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interrelated sets of options for making meaning. It can also be said that SFG is a theory of choice of meaning. Meanwhile the term functional indicates that the
approach is concerned with the contextualized, practical uses to which language is put. It means that this study concerns in the way language is used rather than is
formed. Language, either said or written, has evolved to satisfy human needs. That is why SFG is opposite to formal grammar, which focuses on compositional
semantics, syntax and word classes such as nouns and verbs. In other words, SFG is study of language based on the function in context rather than the formal one
Halliday, 1993: xiii. Systemic functional grammar presents a view of language in terms of
lexicogrammar approach; a term that embraces the idea that vocabulary lexis is inextricably linked to grammatical choice. It involves the idea that language
consists of a set of system, which offer the speaker or writer an unlimited choice of ways of creating meanings Thomas Bloor and Meriel Bloor.2004:3. It means
that it is concerned primarily with the choices the grammar makes available to speakers and writers. These choices relate speakers and writers intentions to the
concrete forms of a language. Traditionally the choices are viewed in terms of either the content or the structure of the language used.
F. Text and Context
