1952 as quoted by Paltridge 2006 in Hidayat 2014: 29, ―discourse analysis can be drawn as a way of analysis both spoken and written text.‖
It can be concluded that discourse analysis refers to the piece of communication in context either spoken or written text. The discourse can be seen
as a process which produces texts either spoken or written to build asset of certain meaning.
2.2.14 Recount Text
Recount text is one genre text-types. Recount text is a text that retells past experience. According to Andersons 1997:48, ―a recount text is a piece of text
that retells past events, usually in the order in which they happened. The purpose of a recount text is to give the audience a description of what occurred and when it
occurred.‖ According to Gerot and Wignel 1994:208, ―the social function of recount
is to retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining.‖ The generic structure that has to be considered by the students in writing the recount text is:
1 Orientation
Provides the setting and introduces participants 2
Events Tell what happened, in what sequence
3 Re-orientation
Optional-closure of events According to Gerot and Wignel 1994:208, significant lexico grammatical
features of recount text are:
a Focus on specific participants
b Use of Material Processes.
c Circumstances of time and place
d Use of past tense.
e Focus on temporal sequence
2.3 Theoretical Framework
This study will focus on written texts. T he writer will investigate the students‘
recount texts by analyzing the metafunctions. The concept that will be done by the writer is collecting data concerning Systemic Functional Grammar as the theory of
the metafunctions. The writer will collect the data from the student s‘ recount texts
and will find out the meaning by using the three metafunctions. First, ideational meaning is the meaning about phenomena which represent our experiences. It
describes and explains the phenomenon and content of what is going on at the time in a discourse. Ideational meaning is realized in wordings through the system
of Transitivity which includes Processes, Participants, and Circumstances. Second, interpersonal meaning is the meaning
which expresses a speaker‘s attitudes and judgments. These are the meanings for acting upon and with others.
These meanings are realized in wordings through what is called MOOD and modality. The third is textual meaning which expresses the relation of language to
its environment, including both the verbal environment- what has been said or written beforeco-text and the non-verbal, situational environment context. The
