38 also thought that Pengajaran Code could motivate students to be a excellent
teacher in the future.
C. Research Setting
The research participants were ELESP students of Sanata Dharma University who joined Pengajaran Code as tutors. Therefore the research setting
was in Sanata Dharma University, since the data gatherings were interviews and reflections from the research participants. All of the interviews were conducted in
April 2014. Each of the research participants took approximately 20 until 30 minutes to interview.
D. Instruments and Data Gathering Techniques
The type of this research is a phenomenological study. As being suggested by Simon 2011, “the most common means of data collection in a
phenomenological study is through in depth interviews to gather the participants’ detailed description of their experience, participants’ written or oral self-report, or
even their aesthetic expression e.g. art, narratives, or poetry can also be evaluated”. Therefore, in this study the researcher used two instruments and data
gathering techniques, namely interviews and reflections from the research participants written self-report document analysis.
1. Interviews
Phenomenology tries to understand research participant’s experiences. An interview is one of the most suitable research instruments to know deeper about
39 someone’s experience Ary et al., 2010. The aim of an interview is to understand
the world from the subjects point of view, to unfold meaning of peoples experiences Kvale, 1996.
In the interview, the researcher used an audio recorder. Ary et al., 2010 explains that one of the most efficient ways to collect interview data is to use an
audio recorder. This is much less distracting than taking notes, and it also provides a verbatim record of the responses Ary et al., 2010. Besides, the
interview will be semi- or partially structured interviews,
in which “the area of
interest is chosen and questions are formulated but the interviewer may modify the format or questions during the inter
view process” Ary et al., p. 438. One characteristic of the qualitative interview formats is that the questions typically
open-ended questions. Open-ended question is a question that does not have fixed response alternatives but allows the research participants to respond as he chooses
Ary et al., 2010. This type of the question allowed the research participants to elaborate his her answers in the interview. From this technique, the researcher
could get rich information deeply from the participants. In conducting the interview, the researcher used Indonesian as the first
language of the researcher and the research participants. The use of the first language was also to ensure that the research participants could share their
experiences deeply and comfortably. It was also to avoid misunderstanding between the researcher and the research participant during the interview.
In the interview, the researcher also prepared an interview guideline before. Some questions in it probed the
research participants’ backgrounds, their
