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Applying the theory of Huddlestone and Pullum, there are seven kinds of noun phrase function in a clause found according to noun phrase data of Jace
Wayland’s utterances. The table 6 below explains the distribution of the noun phrases based on their functions in a clause.
Table 4.2 The Distribution of Noun Phrases in the Utterances No.
Functions in a Clause Number
Percentage
1. Object
213 30.7
2. Prepositional Complement
187 27
3. Predicative Complement
165 23.8
4. Subject
119 17.2
5. Adverbial Adjunct
5 0.7
6. Object Complement
2 0.3
7. Appositive
2 0.3
TOTAL 693
100
Table 6 above shows that there are four main functions of noun phrases dominating the data of occurrence. There are also three other functions found in the
analysis such as adverbial adjunct, object complement, and appositive. The following parts present the examples and discussion about the noun phrase
functions.
1. Noun Phrase as Object in a Clause
Most of the English verbs allow or require the existence of an object in order to construct a clause Huddleston and Pullum, 2005: 64. In a sentence and
clause construction, some verbs require not only an object but some other phrases as well. However, some verbs like
fall
,
lie
, and
vanish
do not need an object in order to complete the clause structure. Noun phrase, for example, can also function as an
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object. There are two kinds of object such as direct object and object. Since this study only require noun phrases which contain two or more words, noun phrase as
direct object is not discussed in this analysis because most of indirect objects are pronoun that contains only one word only.
According to the data collected in this analysis, there are 213 noun phrases found in the sentences of Jace Wayland’s utterances which function as direct object
in a clause construction. This function has the highest number of percentage in terms of occurrence with 30.7. Referring back to the first analysis, the noun
phrases found as direct objects in a clause also have various types of structures. The followings are the discussion of this noun phrase function examples in the
utterances in order according to the number of occurrences. 46
No mundane doctor would know how to heal
those wounds
. page 221 The phrase in italic shown in clause 46 is a noun phrase with the function
as a direct object in a clause. The two clause shows that the noun phrase
those wounds
have the structure of determiner followed by the head of the phrase. There are 97 noun phrases with this type of structure functioning as a direct object found
in the utterances of Jace Wayland. In clause 46, the word indefinite article
a
is the determiner with the noun head
dictionary
. 47
Why, were you having
a good dream
? page 104 The noun phrase a good dream is a direct object in the clause 47. It has
the structure of determiner followed by the pre-modifier then the head of the phrase. According to the data, there are 39 noun phrase functioning as direct object with
this kind of structure. Clause 47 shows that the indefinite article
a
is the PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
50
determiner of the singular noun head
dream
. The adjective word
good
is the pre- modifier that modifies the head of the noun phrase
a good dream
. 48
Different Marks do
different things
. page 30 Clause 48 shows another noun phrase functioning as a direct object with
different type of structure. The noun phrase
different things
has the structure of pre- modifier followed by the head of the phrase. There are 30 noun phrases with this
type of structure. It functions as the direct object licensed by the verb
do
. The adjective word
different
is the pre-modifier of the plural noun head
things
in the noun phrase structure.
49 Surely you have some thoughts you’d like to share? page 119
The noun phrase in clause 49 has the structure of determiner followed by the head then the post-modifier of the phrase. This phrase also functions as the
direct object of the verb
have
. There are the total number of 24 noun phrases found in the utterances with this type of noun phrase structure functioning as direct
objects. The clause 49 shows that the quantifier
some
modifies the plural noun head
thoughts
followed by the finite clause you’d like to share as the post-modifier
of the noun phrase. 50
Do you have
keys to the house
? page 73 The noun phrase
keys to the house
functions as the direct object of the verb
have
. The phrase has the structure of head followed by the post-modifier. According to the data, there are 12 noun phrases with this type of noun phrase. In clause 50,
the plural noun head
keys
is followed by the prepositional phrase
to the house
. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
51
51 It’s a permanent rune that lends
an extra skill with weapons
. page 30 Clause 51 shows that the noun phrase
an extra skill with weapons
is the direct object of the verb lend. The structure of the noun phrase is determiner
followed by pre-modifier then the head and the post-modifier. There are 9 noun phrases with this type of structure found from the data collection. The indefinite
article
an
is the determiner of the phrase. The adjective
extra
is the pre-modifier to modify the singular noun head
skill
then followed by the prepositional phrase
with weapons
. 52
They worked
strange changes on the infected
. page 68 In clause 52, the noun phrase
strange changes on the infected
has the last type of noun phrase structure. It is constructed by the pre-modifier
strange
and post- modifier
on the infected
to modify the plural noun phrase head
changes
. There are only 2 noun phrases found from the utterances of Jace Wayland.
To sum up, the italic phrases in clause 46 until 52 are all noun phrases that function as a direct object of the verb. They share the similarities of the direct
object that it directly follows after the verb such as
do
,
lend
,
have
,
work
, and
heal
. Each of the noun phrases in examples above is the complement of the verb, since
all of the verbs need an object in order to become a well-structured clause. The idea of distinguishing direct and indirect object is that direct object in clauses 47 until
53, the noun phrase object is directly involved in the action of the verb rather than the indirect object. In order to identify the indirect object which are often indicated
with pronoun, the semantic distinction is applied such as indirect object is more like the recipient of the verb and in some cases as the beneficiary role.
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2. Noun Phrase as Prepositional Complement in a Clause
