Noun Phrases as Adverbial Adjunct in a Clause Noun Phrases as Object Complement in a Clause

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5. Noun Phrases as Adverbial Adjunct in a Clause

The term adjunct adverbial is for words, phrases, and clauses that modify the entire clause by providing additional information about time, place, manner, condition, purpose, reason, result, and concession. There are 5 noun phrases found from the data collected with the function of adjunct adverbial in the clause with the percentage of 0.7. Because there are only a few significant noun phrases functioning as adjunct adverbial, the examples are not presented based on the order of occurrence in the utterances. Followings are the example of noun phrase with the function of adverbial adjunct. 74 You’ve been very quiet all this time . page 119 Clause 74 shows that the noun phrase all this time is an adverbial adjunct because it modifies the whole clause by providing additional information about time. The structure of the noun phrase is determiner and head which is the most common noun phrase structure to occur in this analysis. The word all and demonstrative this are the determiners of the noun head time in the phrase. 75 A lot of times they don’t come back. page 112 The noun phrase in clause 75 a lot of times also has the function as adverbial adjunct. Similar with noun phrase in clause 74, this noun phrase also modifies the entire clause by providing additional information about time. The structure of the noun phrase is also similar, determiner followed by the head of the phrase. The quantifier a lot of is the determiner of the plural noun head times in the noun phrase structure. 62

6. Noun Phrases as Object Complement in a Clause

Object complement is a word or phrase that follows directly the direct object in a clause. It has the function to describe or complete the direct object. According to the data collected, there are only 2 noun phrases as an object complement with the percentage of 0.3 in terms of occurrence. Below are the examples of the noun phrase as an object complement. 76 For our purposes, you can consider it a small country between Germany and French . page 44 In clause 76 the noun phrase a small country between Germany and French is an object complement since it follows directly the direct object of the clause. The noun phrase also has the structure of determiner, pre-modifier, head, and post-modifier. This is the only noun phrase found in the utterances with this type of structure as an object complement. The indefinite article a indicates the determiner of the phrase. The adjective word small as the pre-modifier and the prepositional phrase between Germany and French as the post-modifier together modify the noun phrase head country . 77 Just because you call an electric eel a rubber duck doesn’t make it a rubber duck, does it? page 55 The clause 77 shows that the noun phrase a rubber duck is an object complement. Similar with noun phrase in clause 76, this noun phrase also follows directly after the direct object. It has the function to describe the direct object. The noun phrase in clause 77 is constructed of determiner, pre-modifier, and head. The indefinite article a is the determiner of the phrase. After the determiner, the noun PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI 63 rubber is the pre-modifier to modify the noun phrase head duck . There are only one noun phrase found in the utterances with this type of structure functioning as an object complement.

7. Noun Phrases as Appositive in a Clause