CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A. Sociology of Literature
1. Definition of Sociology of Literature
To get the whole meaning and message and knowing things related with literary work – especially song lyric, so, it is needed an effort called literary
criticism. According to Andre Hardjana, literary criticism is contributions given by researchers for literature development. It has correlation with literature
development.
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One of literary criticism could be used in analyzing literary works is sociology of literature.
Among sub-disciplines of sociology and common literature, sociology of literature is the most ignored sub-discipline by both the sociologist and the
man of letters. However, the sociology of literature, especially cultural sociology containing sociology of literature has begun to get more
attention and it exhibit the importance understanding about human’s social life.
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There are many definitions of Sociology literature as the approach of literary criticism. In this case the writer would like to take several definitions from
several experts. In his book ‘The Sociology of Literature’, Swingewood defined that
sociology is an objective and scientific study about human life in the society, study about its institutions and the social process. He said that sociology is an
6
Gunoto Safarie, Luasnya Wilayah Sisiologi Sastra Accessed on December 20, 2008. http:www.suarakarya-online.comnews.html?id =16888.
7
Dr Faruk, Pengantar Sosiologi Sastra, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 1994, p. V.
effort to observe about how society is established, how they work, and why they should survive their life.
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There should be so many complexities in the society, so the complexities which occur make sociology of literature to be conducted to
observe them. According to Wolff, sociology of literature is a discipline without any forms, no definition as well, consisting of empirical studies and several
experimental theories which is more general. They all are similar in the case that everything has related between the art and the society.
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According to Goldmann, he called his theory as a genetic structuralism. It means that he believe literary works is formed from a structure. One of his
theories which become most significant is the category about the fact of humanity. This theory is about every activity or social behavior, either it is verbal or
physical, is comprehended by science. The fact can be a certain activity, political activity, as well as cultural creation like philosophy, art, music, sculpture, and
literature.
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Object of sociology of literature is real life condition; however, the author does not take it randomly. He or she chooses and arranges materials by orientating
the principles and certain aims. Henry James said, the author analyzing the sources of social reality, then he or she comprehends and tries to decide signs
essentially so as it changes to literary work. Literature not only gets its influences from reality but also it can influence the society. It is true that character of
literature is language, but the form and content come from social phenomenon.
Ibid. p. 1. Ibid
. p.3.
10
Ibid. p. 12.
Song lyric which is a literary work of author’s feelings and thoughts, also as poetry that commonly organized as short and conducted from expression of
someone’s feelings. Moreover, it brings themes or ideas, and expresses its beauty until people interested to analyze it especially by using sociology of literature
approach. Hence, in this study, the writer uses sociology of literature approach from Rene Wellek and Austin Warren.
2. Rene Wellek and Austin Warren’s Sociology of Literature.
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