C. Population and Sample of The Research
The population of the research is the first grade of SMP Plus Ibadurrahman Cipondoh. Total students of first grade at SMP Plus
Ibadurrahman Cipondoh are 220 students. However, only 50 students were engaged in the research.
Due to the rule of quasi experimental study, the writer selected two groups as samples of the research; experiment class and controlled class.
In sampling, technique, the writer chose purposive sampling. In purposive sampling, the sample is chosen because of particular purpose. Things or
people are chosen because the researcher thinks that things or people have information needed in the research.
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The researcher chose VIII 1 as the experiment class because based on teacher explanation he said that this
class is lower than VIII 2, when VIII 2 as controlled class because is paralleled with other. Moreover, both of these classes are more accessible
for the research. Therefore the writer chose VIII 1 and VIII 2 as the subject for the research. Both classes are consisted of 25 students.
D. Instrument and Technique of Data Collection
The instrument of this research is a writing test which is scored based on a rubric by J. B. Heaton that consists of five aspects:
- 13-30 Content
- 7-20 Organization
- 7-20 Vocabulary
- 5-25 Language Use
- 5 Mechanics
Furthermore, the researcher uses the instrument to collect the data in pretest and posttest. The researcher will give pre-test to both experimental
class and control class with similar questions form before teaching and
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Home.unpar.ac.idhasanSAMPLING
learning process, then give post-test at the end of teaching and learning process
E. The Technique of Data Analysis
The researcher used T-test to find out the differences between the students’ scores which were taken from pre-test and post-test in
experiment class and control class. Before calculating the hypothesis testing, the researcher first
calculated students’ writing score based on Analytical Scoring Rubric, and then measured normality and homogeneity
test. Analytical scoring rubric is adapted from J. B. Heaton. There are five
aspects in the analytical scoring rubric, i.e., content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanics. The table below is the analytical
scoring rubric:
Table 3.1: Analytical Scoring Rubric
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Content
30-27 EXCELLENT TO VERY GOOD: knowledgeable - substantive - etc. 26-22 GOOD TO AVERAGE: some knowledge of subject- adequate range - etc.
21-17 FAIR TO POOR: limited knowledge of subject - little substance etc. 16-13 VERY POOR: does not show knowledge of subject
– non substantive - etc.
Organization
20-18 EXCELLENT TO VERY GOOD: fluent expression - ideas clearly stated –
etc. 17-14 GOOD TO AVERAGE: somewhat choppy -loosely organized
but main ideas stand out - etc. 13-10 FAIR TO POOR: non-fluent - ideas confused or disconnected - etc.
9-7 VERY POOR: does not communicate - no organization - etc.
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J. B. Heaton, Writing English Language Tests, London: Longman,1988, p. 146.
Vocabulary
20-18 EXCELLENT TO VERY GOOD: sophisticated range - effective wordidiom choice and usage - etc.
17-14 GOOD TO AVERAGE: adequate range - occasional errors of wordidiom form, choice, usage but meaning not obscured.
13-10 FAIR TO POOR: limited range - frequent errors of wordidiom form, choice, usage - etc. _
9-7 VERY POOR: essentially translation - little knowledge of English vocabulary.
Language Use
25-22 EXCELLENTTO VERY GOOD: effective complex constructions etc. 21-19 GOOD TO AVERAGE: effective but simple constructions - etc.
17-11 FAIR TO POOR: major problems in simplecomplex constructions - etc. 10-5 VERY POOR: virtually no mastery of sentence construction rules - etc.
Mechanics
5 EXCELLENT TO VERY GOOD: demonstrates mastery of conventions - etc. 4 GOOD TO AVERAGE: occasional errors of spelling, punctuation etc.
3 FAIR TO POOR: frequent errors of spelling punctuation, capitalization - etc. 2 VERY POOR: no mastery of conventions - dominated by errors of spelling,
punctuation, capitalization, paragraphing - etc
1. Normality Test
Normality test is done towards two classes; those are experimental class and control class. Normality test is used to know whether the data
from both sample groups which is examined comes from the population of normally distributed or not.
2. Homogeneity Test
After normality test gives indication that data is distributed normally, so it needs to do homogeneity test. Homogeneity Test is used to know the
similarity of the two conditions or population.
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