Evaluasi Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Perdesaan Kecamatan Kebayakan, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah, Provinsi Aceh

EVALUASI PROGRAM NASIONAL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT
MANDIRI PERDESAAN KECAMATAN KEBAYAKAN, KABUPATEN
ACEH TENGAH, PROVINSI ACEH

ABSTRAK
Pembangunan seharusnya merupakan proses yang memfasilitasi manusia
mengembangkan hidup sesuai pilihannya. Kemiskinan di negara-negara
berkembang terutama di Indonesia masih menjadi permasalahan utama dalam
proses pembangunan nasional. Mulai tahun 2007 hingga tahun 2014 Pemerintah
Indonesia meluncurkan Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri
Perdesaan (PNPM-MPd) sebagai salah satu program unggulan dalam rangka
pengentasan kemiskinan di Indonesia terutama di perdesaan. Melalui riset kualitatif
dengan metode deskriptif dievaluasi capaian PNPM-MPd di Kecamatan Kebayakan
Kabupaten Aceh Tengah, Provinsi Aceh. Evaluasi dilakukan berdasarkan tujuantujuan yang ditetapkan oleh program tersebut agar dijadikan bahan pembelajaran
dalam merumuskan kebijakan publik di masa depan. Variabel evaluasi yang diteliti
meliputi tingkat partisipasi, pelembagaan pembangunan partisipatif,
pengembangan kapasitas pemerintahan lokal, penyediaan sarana dan prasarana
sosial dasar, pelembagaan pengelolaan dana bergulir pelembagaan badan kerja
sama antar desa, dan kerja sama antar pemangku kepentingan. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa tingkat partisipasi masyarakat pada PNPM-MPd di
Kecamatan Kebayakan cukup tinggi terutama pada kegiatan pembangunan sarana

dan prasarana sosial dasar, namun tingginya tingkat partisipasi pada proses kegiatan
PNPM-MPd tidak diikuti dengan melembaganya pembangunan partisipatifnya
karena ketidakmampuan PNPM-MPd mewujudkan kemandirian masyarakat.
Pengelolaan simpan pinjam kelompok perempuan telah gagal dengan tingginya
angka tunggakan karena tiadanya proses penyiapan dan penguatan kapasitas
masyarakat sehingga dana tersebut kerap digunakan untuk kegiatan konsumtif.

Kata Kunci :Kebijakan Publik, Pembangunan, Pemberdayaan, Evaluasi, Partisipasi.

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EVALUATION OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT IN RURAL AREAS
(PNPM-MPd) SUB-DISTRICT KEBAYAKAN, DISTRICT ACEH TENGAH,
ACEH PROVINCE
ABSTRACT

Development should be a process that facilitates people to develop their life
as their choice. Poverty in developing countries, especially in Indonesia is still a
major problem in the process of national development. Starting from 2007 until
2014, the Indonesian government launched the National Program for Community

Empowerment in Rural Areas (PNPM-MPd) as one of the flagship programs in
order to alleviate poverty in Indonesia, especially in rural areas. Through
qualitative research with descriptive method was evaluated achievements of
PNPM-MPd in Sub-district Kebayakan, District Aceh Tengah, Aceh Province. The
evaluation was done based on the objectives set by the program in order to be used
as teaching material in the formulation of public policy in the future. Variables
examined included the evaluation of the level of participation, the
institutionalization of participatory development, local governance capacity
building, provision of basic social infrastructure, the institutionalization of the
management of revolving funds, the institutionalization of cooperation body
between villages, and cooperation among stakeholders. The results showed that the
level of community participation in PNPM-MPd in Sub-district Kebayakan quite
high, especially in the construction of facilities and basic social infrastructure, but
the high level of participation of the PNPM-MPd activities are not followed by
institutionalization participatory development because of the inability of PNPMMPD realize the independence of the public. The women's savings and credit
groups’ management has failed with high rates of arrears due to the absence of the
process of preparing and strengthening community capacity so that these funds are
often used for consumptive activities.
Keywords: Public Policy, Development, Empowerment, Evaluation, Participation.

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