Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Formulasi Ekstrak Etanol Rumput Laut Merah (Eucheuma spinosum) sebagai Krim Anti-Aging
KARAKTERISASI SIMPLISIA DAN FORMULASI EKSTRAK ETANOL
RUMPUT LAUT MERAH (Eucheuma spinosum)
SEBAGAI KRIM ANTI-AGING
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Rumput laut merah mengandung serat, protein, lemak, vitaminvitamin. Mengandung pigmen fikoeritin, karotenoid, klorofil A, senyawa organik
dan senyawa anorganik dan serat kasar. Hasil penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan
bahwa karotenoid memiliki fungsi biologis yang sangat penting sebagai
antioksidan.
Tujuan: Memformulasikan ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah dalam bentuk
sediaan krim dengan tipe emulsi minyak dalam air dan menguji daya anti-aging
pada kulit punggung tangan sukarelawan.
Metode: Serbuk simplisia rumput laut merah dilakukan karakterisasi, serbuk
rumput laut merah kemudian diekstraksi secara perkolasi dengan pelarut etanol
96%, perkolat yang diperoleh diuapkan dengan bantuan rotary evaporator.
Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah diformulasi dalam bentuk sediaan krim dengan
konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%. Selanjutnya sediaan krim diperiksa
homogenitasnya, tipe emulsi, pengukuran pH, dievaluasi stabilitasnya serta diuji
iritasi dan efektivitasnya pada kulit punggung tangan sukarelawan menggunakan
alat skin analyzer. Pembuktian kemampuan sediaan anti-aging meliputi beberapa
parameter yaitu kadar air (moisture), kehalusan (evennes), pori (pore), noda (spot)
dan keriput (wrinkle).
Hasil: Hasil karakterisasi simplisia rumput laut merah diperoleh kadar air 9,43%,
kadar sari larut air 26,15%, kadar sari larut etanol 2,29%, kadar abu total 16,59%
dan kadar abu yang tidak larut asam 1,54%. Hasil evaluasi krim ekstrak etanol
rumput laut merah stabil dalam penyimpanan 90 hari pada suhu kamar yaitu tidak
mengalami perubahan warna, bau, dan pemisahan fase. Pemeriksaan homogenitas
sediaan krim menunjukkan krim homogen, dengan tipe emulsi m/a, pH 5,5-5,9
dan tidak menyebabkan iritasi. Hasil pemeriksaan sediaan krim ekstrak etanol
rumput laut merah menunjukkan efektivitasnya sebagai anti-aging yang baik
setelah perawatan 4 minggu. Efektivitas paling baik sebagai anti-aging adalah
krim 10% yaitu kadar air semakin meningkat (49,31%), kulit semakin halus
(45,45%), pori-pori semakin kecil (70,22%), dan banyak noda yang berkurang
(66,67%) serta kerutan yang semakin berkurang (51,16%).
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah dapat diformulasikan dalam
bentuk sediaan krim dan memberikan efek sebagai anti-aging.
Kata Kunci:
Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah (Eucheuma spinosum.), skin
analyzer, formulasi, krim anti-aging.
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
CHARACTERIZATION OF SIMPLICIA AND FORMULATION OF
ETHANOL EXTRACT RED SEAWEED (Eucheuma spinosum ) AS AN
ANTI-AGING CREAM
ABSTRACT
Background: Red seaweed contains fiber, protein, fat, vitamins. Containing
pigment ficoeritin, carotenoids, chlorophyll A, organic compounds and inorganic
compounds and fiber. Previous research showed that carotenoid has important
biological functions as antioxidants.
Purpose: To formulate red seaweed ethanol extract into a cream preparation of oil
in water emulsion type as anti-aging and test the formulate effectiveness on the
back of the hand volunteers skin.
Method: Red seawed Simplicia was characterized, red seaweed was extracted by
percolation using ethanol 96%, percolate was concentrated by rotary evaporator.
Red seawed extract was made into cream preparations with a concentration of 2.5,
5, 7.5, and 10%. And then the cream was check its homogenity, emulsion type,
pH measurement, evaluated the stability, tested its irritation and effectiveness in
skin on the backs of the hands of volunteers using a skin analyzer. Anti-aging
capability includes several parameters: moisture, evennes, pore, spot and
wrinkles.
Results: The characterization result of red seaweed Simplicia exhibited the water
value 9.43%, water soluble extract value 26.15%, ethanol soluble extract value
2.29%, total ash value 16.59% and ash in acid insoluble ash value 1.54%. Result
of evaluation showed that it was stable in storage for 90 days at room temperature
that was not any change in color, odor and the phase separation. The homogenity
of cream preparations showed the cream was homogeneous, with type emulsion is
m/a, pH 5.5-5.9 and did not cause irritation. The inquiry result of red seawed
showed a good anti-aging after treatment during 4 weeks. The best effectivity as
an anti-aging cream is 10% the moisture increase (49.31%), the smoother the skin
(45.45%), the smaller the pores (70.22%), the number of spots are diminishing
(66.67%), and wrinkle are diminishing (51.16%).
Conclusion: Ethanol extract of red seawed can be formulated into cream
preparation and gives anti-aging activity.
Keywords:
Ethanol extract of red seawed (Eucheuma spinosum), skin
analyzer, formulation, anti- aging cream.
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
RUMPUT LAUT MERAH (Eucheuma spinosum)
SEBAGAI KRIM ANTI-AGING
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Rumput laut merah mengandung serat, protein, lemak, vitaminvitamin. Mengandung pigmen fikoeritin, karotenoid, klorofil A, senyawa organik
dan senyawa anorganik dan serat kasar. Hasil penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan
bahwa karotenoid memiliki fungsi biologis yang sangat penting sebagai
antioksidan.
Tujuan: Memformulasikan ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah dalam bentuk
sediaan krim dengan tipe emulsi minyak dalam air dan menguji daya anti-aging
pada kulit punggung tangan sukarelawan.
Metode: Serbuk simplisia rumput laut merah dilakukan karakterisasi, serbuk
rumput laut merah kemudian diekstraksi secara perkolasi dengan pelarut etanol
96%, perkolat yang diperoleh diuapkan dengan bantuan rotary evaporator.
Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah diformulasi dalam bentuk sediaan krim dengan
konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%. Selanjutnya sediaan krim diperiksa
homogenitasnya, tipe emulsi, pengukuran pH, dievaluasi stabilitasnya serta diuji
iritasi dan efektivitasnya pada kulit punggung tangan sukarelawan menggunakan
alat skin analyzer. Pembuktian kemampuan sediaan anti-aging meliputi beberapa
parameter yaitu kadar air (moisture), kehalusan (evennes), pori (pore), noda (spot)
dan keriput (wrinkle).
Hasil: Hasil karakterisasi simplisia rumput laut merah diperoleh kadar air 9,43%,
kadar sari larut air 26,15%, kadar sari larut etanol 2,29%, kadar abu total 16,59%
dan kadar abu yang tidak larut asam 1,54%. Hasil evaluasi krim ekstrak etanol
rumput laut merah stabil dalam penyimpanan 90 hari pada suhu kamar yaitu tidak
mengalami perubahan warna, bau, dan pemisahan fase. Pemeriksaan homogenitas
sediaan krim menunjukkan krim homogen, dengan tipe emulsi m/a, pH 5,5-5,9
dan tidak menyebabkan iritasi. Hasil pemeriksaan sediaan krim ekstrak etanol
rumput laut merah menunjukkan efektivitasnya sebagai anti-aging yang baik
setelah perawatan 4 minggu. Efektivitas paling baik sebagai anti-aging adalah
krim 10% yaitu kadar air semakin meningkat (49,31%), kulit semakin halus
(45,45%), pori-pori semakin kecil (70,22%), dan banyak noda yang berkurang
(66,67%) serta kerutan yang semakin berkurang (51,16%).
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah dapat diformulasikan dalam
bentuk sediaan krim dan memberikan efek sebagai anti-aging.
Kata Kunci:
Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah (Eucheuma spinosum.), skin
analyzer, formulasi, krim anti-aging.
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
CHARACTERIZATION OF SIMPLICIA AND FORMULATION OF
ETHANOL EXTRACT RED SEAWEED (Eucheuma spinosum ) AS AN
ANTI-AGING CREAM
ABSTRACT
Background: Red seaweed contains fiber, protein, fat, vitamins. Containing
pigment ficoeritin, carotenoids, chlorophyll A, organic compounds and inorganic
compounds and fiber. Previous research showed that carotenoid has important
biological functions as antioxidants.
Purpose: To formulate red seaweed ethanol extract into a cream preparation of oil
in water emulsion type as anti-aging and test the formulate effectiveness on the
back of the hand volunteers skin.
Method: Red seawed Simplicia was characterized, red seaweed was extracted by
percolation using ethanol 96%, percolate was concentrated by rotary evaporator.
Red seawed extract was made into cream preparations with a concentration of 2.5,
5, 7.5, and 10%. And then the cream was check its homogenity, emulsion type,
pH measurement, evaluated the stability, tested its irritation and effectiveness in
skin on the backs of the hands of volunteers using a skin analyzer. Anti-aging
capability includes several parameters: moisture, evennes, pore, spot and
wrinkles.
Results: The characterization result of red seaweed Simplicia exhibited the water
value 9.43%, water soluble extract value 26.15%, ethanol soluble extract value
2.29%, total ash value 16.59% and ash in acid insoluble ash value 1.54%. Result
of evaluation showed that it was stable in storage for 90 days at room temperature
that was not any change in color, odor and the phase separation. The homogenity
of cream preparations showed the cream was homogeneous, with type emulsion is
m/a, pH 5.5-5.9 and did not cause irritation. The inquiry result of red seawed
showed a good anti-aging after treatment during 4 weeks. The best effectivity as
an anti-aging cream is 10% the moisture increase (49.31%), the smoother the skin
(45.45%), the smaller the pores (70.22%), the number of spots are diminishing
(66.67%), and wrinkle are diminishing (51.16%).
Conclusion: Ethanol extract of red seawed can be formulated into cream
preparation and gives anti-aging activity.
Keywords:
Ethanol extract of red seawed (Eucheuma spinosum), skin
analyzer, formulation, anti- aging cream.
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara