3 The History of Ruma Batak 4 The Constructive Process Of Ruma Batak

4. 3 The History of Ruma Batak

The Batak Toba houses is one of the most distinctive traditional building in southeast asia. No one knows when the creation of these house started, but the Toba batak houses have been around as long as anyone can remember. These house can be found around Lake Toba. Batak Toba houses are built close to each other due to the history of the fights between the tribes, and this features gives them more advantage to defend themselves. They are construct on top of rows and columns of pillar, a foundation that goes above the ground, in order to avoid damages caused by floods. It is roof are boat-shaped and tend to be very tall and tilted, Reaching down as far as the main living area.

4. 4 The Constructive Process Of Ruma Batak

Before construct the Ruma Batak, the materials constructive have to be collected firstly in Toba Batak language named “mangarade”. Desireable constructive materials they are: tiang, tustus pasak, pandingdingan, parhongkom, urur, ninggor, ture-ture,sijongjongi, sitindangi, songsong boltok and palm fiber ijuk as the roof material. The material for singa-singa ulu paung. For furnished the constructive materials worked by mutual corporation in Toba Batak language known “marsirumpa” without wished a reward. After the material already furnished then the constructive technical to build Ruma Batak by “pande” constructive expert and handyman according to the owner desire whether the constructive Ruma or Sopo. The working steps usually the selection of material Universitas Sumatera Utara constructive based on the high pitched voice by knocking of wood named “mamingming”. The wood which have the highest pitched voice used for Jabu Bona pole and the higher used for Jabu Soding pole continued to Jabu Suhat and Si Tampar Piring pole have to be arranged according to the high of wood pitched voice. A Pande further step is “marsitiktik” carved or “dituhil” the first pole carved is Jabu Bona pole. One of the most important accentuate for foundation determining. Like in Toba Batak philosophy “hot di ojahanna” without sturdy foundation would not be sturdy. While the principle of Toba Batak upbringing value. Faith have to be strongly taught to children consequently they will be good behave while they are adult. Foundations construct within square formation sustained some crutches. Components of constructive buttress consist of “pandingdingan” heavy weight consequently the philosophy of Toba Batak “ndang tartea sahalak sada pandingdingan” as one of the requisite to construct of Ruma Batak is mutual corporation. Pandingdingan united to “parhongkom” using “hansing-hansing” as a unifying forces related to the philosophy “hot dibatuna iala ransang di ransang- ransangna” and hansing-hansingna means foundations and components already sturdy construct it has the significance to the owner of Ruma Batak and their neighborh congruence in social intercourse. The upper buttress named “bungkulan sustained “tiang niggor” in order that keep at stand arectly, prop up ”sitindangi” and the abutment the position is in front of niggor pole named “sijonjongi”. For Toba Batak niggor affirm as the integrity under Universitas Sumatera Utara part of roof named “arop-arop” symbolized wishful have enough to live in future. In front of the upper that withstand component of the roof consequently remain sturdy named “songsong boltok” the philosophy is there is no oftened or grudge in future because of someone mistake. Ombis-ombis laid in the left and right spread out from behind in to infront for modern houses named list plank the function is unifier for “urur” that withstand palmfiber-roof. According to Toba Batak understanding ombis- ombis symbolize that nobody is ferfect everyone needs advices and suggestions from other. The constructive of Ruma Batak or sopo spent the period of time within five years. The expenses are most expensive because there are many buffalo, cattle or pig to fulfill the requirements of sacred ceremonial, even before and after the constructive done. The sacred ceremonial before constructive of Ruma Batak named “pesta mangusung bunti”, at the time during the constructive process named “pesta parsik tiang”. The wall the constructive process named “pesta pajongjong urur” until the Ruma Batak or sopo have done the constructive already. The author of Ruma Batak held a ceremony to enter a new dwelling named “mangopoi jabu” and the ceremony to celebrate the nem house named “pamestahon jabu”. 4. 4. 1 The architect of Batak Toba houses