CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter consists of method of research, place and time of research, population and sample, instrument of the research, technique of data collecting,
and technique of data analysis.
A. Method of Research
In this research, the writer uses the descriptive analysis
1
. The method is purposed to analyze problem or case happened at present. Firstly, the writer gave
a test to the students to make recount text and collected. After that, the writer described the errors made by the second grade students of SMP Dharma Karya
UT Pamulang. There are some steps to analyze the errors; the first step is the writer
focused on identifying the errors that students made by analyzing the students’ writing test, the second is the writer described, corrected, classified, and
calculated the errors. Then, the writer made interpreted the data about the possible causes why the students made errors. The last is the writer made conclusion about
the research.
B. Place and Time of Research
For this research, the writer conducted at SMP Dharma Karya UT which is located on Jl. Talas II No. 30 Pondok Cabe Ilir, Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan,
Banten. It was started on 28
th
of November and ended on 5
th
of December, 2012.
C. Population and Sample
The writer focused on her research at the second grade students of SMP Dharma Karya UT Pamulang. There are 56 students which divided into 3 classes.
1
Nana Syaodih Sukmadinata, Metode Penelitian Pendidikan, Bandung; PT Remaja Rosdakarya, 2010, p. 72.
26
In this research, the writer used the random sampling.
2
By this random sample technique, she got that sample is class VII-2. In that class, there are 20
students.
D. Instrument of the Research
The writer used a writing test as an instrument for collecting data. For the test, she asked the students to write a recount text with a particular theme, namely
“Unforgettable Experience”.
E. Technique of Data Collecting
In collecting the data, the writer used test instrument; then, she asked the students to write a recount text. She conducted a test to investigate stude
nts’ errors in their recount text writing.
F. Technique of Data Analysis
To analyze the data, the researcher used the techniques above: 1.
Collecting the data 2.
Classifying 3.
Coding 4.
Tabulating 5.
Describing 6.
Interpreting The percentage of the errors presented based on the terms of descriptive
analysis technique. To calculate the percentage of students’ errors, the writer
applied the following formula:
P = Percentage F = Frequency of error made
2
Ibid,. p. 253.
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