Profil kadar zinc plasma pada penderita ulkus diabetikum dan ulkus dekubitus di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan
55
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Harding KG, Jeffcoate WJ. Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Diunduh dari
http//image.thelancet.com/extras/02art6190web.pdf.
Diperbaharui
25
Februari 2013.
Beeckman D, et al. EPUAP classification system for pressure ulcers:
European reliability study. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2007;60(6): 68291.
O’Toole EA, Mellerio JE. Wound Healing. Dalam: Burns T, Breathnach s,
Cox N, Griffits C, editor. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology. Edisi ke-8.
USA: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010. h.14.1- 9
Korting HC, Schollmann C, White RJ. Management of Minor Acute
Cutaneous Wound: Importance of Wound Healing in A Moist Environment.
JEADV 2011; 25: 130-7
Boateng JS, Matthews KR, Stevens HNE, Eccleston GM. Wound Healing
Dressings and Drug Delivery System: A Review. Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences 2008; 97 (8): 2892-923
Mulder M. Assessment of a patient with a wound. Wound Healing Southern
Africa 2009; 2(1): 17-20.
Toy LW, Macera L. Evidence-Based Review of Silver Dressing Use on
Chronic Wounds. Journal of American academy of Nurse Practitioners
2011; 23: 183-92
De la Torre JI, Molnar JA. Chronic Wounds. Diunduh dari http://emedicine.
Medscape.com/article/1298452-overview. Diperbaharui terakhir tanggal 5
Desember 2011
Kujath P, Michelsen A. Wound – From Physiology to Wound Dressing.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008; 105(13): 239-48
Falanga V, Iwarnoto S. Wound Repair; Mechanisme and Practical
Considerations . Dalam: Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA,
Paller AS, Leffell DJ, editor. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General
Medicine. Edisi ke-7. New York: McGraw Hill; 2008. h.2342-9
PhilipsLG, Mancoll JS, Burns JL. Impairments to Wound Healing. Clin
Plastic Surg. 2003; 30: 47-56
FB. Pretorius. Literature Study Iluson®Ointment. Departement of Surgery
Universitas
Hospital
Bloemfontein,
2009.
Diunduh
dari
http://ilosun.co.za/MicrosoftWord0IlusonLiteraturestudy.pdf. Diperbaharui
21 Maret 2013.
Samman S. Challenges and Oppotunities in The Assessment of Zinc Status.
Nutrition & Dietetics 2011;68:95-6
Wong CP, HO E. Zinc and Its Role in Age-Related Inflammation and
Immune Dysfunction. Mol.Nutr.Food Res. 2012; 56: 77-87
Cummings JE, Kovacic JP. The Ubiquitous Role of Zinc in Health and
Disease. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 2009;19(3):
215-40
Lansdown ABG, et all. Zinc in Wound Healing: Theoretical, Experimental,
and Clinical Aspects. Wound Rep Reg. 2007;15:2-16
Universitas Sumatera Utara
56
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
Baumgartner TG. Trace Elements and Wound Healing. Dalam: Molnar J,
editor. Nutrition and Wound Healing.New York: CRC Press; 2007. h. 173211
Rahman NMA, Al-shamma’a2 K, Al-Ahmady SK. Study the effect of
Zinc/or Vit.D3 on Percentage of Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Iraqi
Patients. International Journal Of Advances In Pharmacy, Biology And
Chemistry 2013; 2(4): 600-5
Desneves KJ, Todorovic BE, Cassar A, Crowe TC. Treatment with
supplementary arginine, vitamin C and zinc in patients with pressure ulcers:
A randomised controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition 2005; 24: 979-87
Dorner B, Posthauer ME, Thomas D. The Role of Nutrition in Pressure
Ulcer Prevention and Treatment. National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel
White Paper, 2009. Diunduh dari www.npuap./Nutrition-White-PaperWebsit. Diperbaharui 25 Maret 2014.
Bozkurt F, Gulsun S, Ustun C, faruk Geyik M, Tegin I, Satici O. The role
of trace elements in wagner classified diabetic patients. African Journal of
Microbiology Research 2011; 5(28): 5085-9.
Lazarus GS, et all. Definitions and Quidelines for Assessment of Wounds
and Evaluation of Healing. Wound Rep Reg 1994;2:165-70
J Fletcher. Differences Between Acute and Chronic Wounds and The Role
of Wound Bed Preparation. Nursing Standard 2008;22(24):62-8
Brolmann FE, et all. Evidence-Based Decisions for Local and Systemic
Wound Care. British Journal of Surgery 2012; 99: 1172-83
Schultz GS, et all. Wound Bed Preparation: A Systematic Approach to
Wound Management. Wound Rep Reg 2003; 11: 1-28
Streit M, Beleznay Z, Braathen L. Topical Application of The Tumour
Necrosis Factor-α Antibody Infliximab Improves healing of Chronic
Wounds. Int Wound J 2006;3:171-9
Chrisman CA. Care of Chronich Wounds in Palliativa Care and End-Life
Patients. International Wound Journal 2010; 7(4): 214-35
Carter RF, Nwormeh B, Lanning DA. Wound Healing. Dalam: Ameh EA,
Blickler SW, Lakhoo K, Nwomeh BC, Poenaru D, editor. Paediatric
Surgery: A Comprehensif Text For Africa. Seattle,WA,USA: Global Help
Organization; 2011. h.40-6
Sarwono Waspadji. Kaki Diabetes. Dalam : Sudoyo WA, Setiyohadi B,
Alwi I, Simardibrata M, Setiati S, editor. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam.
Ed ke-4. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2006. h. 1933-47.
Kalus AA, Chien AJ, Olerud JE. Diabetes Melitus and Others Endocrine
Diseases. Dalam: Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. Ed ke- 7.
New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008. h. 1461-9.
American Diabetes Association (ADA). Diagnosis and classifications of
Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2004; 27(1): S5-S10.
Sibuea R. Karakteristik penderita DM rawat inap di RSUP H. Adam Malik
Medan periode 1 Januari 2009 s.d. 31 Desember 2009 (Karya tulis ilmiah).
Medan: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan; 2010.
Rebolledo FA, Teran Soto JM, Escobedo de la pena J. The Pathogenesis of
Foot
Ulcer:
Prevention
and
Management.
Diunduh
dari
www.intechopen.com/download/pdf/24693. Diperbaharui 2 Mei 2013.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
57
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
Levin ME. An Overview of the Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis, Management
and Prevention of Lesions. INT.J.DIAB.DEV.COUNTRIES. 1994; 14: 3947.
Dini V, Bertone MS, Romanelli M. Prevention and management of pressure
ulcers. Dermatologic Therapy 2006; 19: 356-64.
Mclean s, Kraemer B. Wound Healing and Care. Dalam: Doherty GM,
Lowney JK, Mason JE, Reznik SI, Smith MA, editor. The Washington
Manual of Surgery. Edisi ke-3. St. Louis. Missouri: Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins. 2002. h. 66-72.
Subramaniam K, Pech CM, Stacey MC, Wallace HJ. Induction of MMP-1,
MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in Normal Dermal Fibroblasts by Chronic Venous Leg
Ulcer Wound Fluid. International Wound Journal 2008; 5(1):79-86
Schwartz JR, Marsh RG, Draelos ZD. Zinc and Skin Health : Overview of
Physiology and Pharmacology. Dermatol Surg. 2005; 31:837-47
Roohani N, Hurrell R, Kelishadi R, Schulin R. Zinc and its importance for
human health: An integrative review. J Res Med Sci. 2013; 18: 144-57.
Odeh M. The Role of Zinc in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
Journal of Internal Medicine 1992; 231:463-9
Bhowmik D, Chiranjib, Kumar KPS. A potential medicinal importance of
zinc in human health and chronic disease. Int J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2010;
1(1): 05-11
Baumann L. Nutrition and The Skin. Dalam : Baumann L, Saghari S,
Weissberg E, editor. Cosmetic Dermatology Principles and Practice. Edisi
ke-2. New york : Mc graw Hill; 2009 .h. 45-66
Samman S. Zinc. Nutrition & Dietetics 2007; 64(4): S131-S134
Al-Timimi DJ, Haji MR, Mohammad BY. Zinc status among smokers and
non-smokers: Relation to oxidative stress. Duhok medical journal 2010; 4
(1):67-73
Cassano N, Amoruso A, Vena GA. Zinc Nutritive and Skin : An Overview.
J. Appl.Cosmetol. 2002;20: 183-194
Davies IJT, Musa M, Dormandy TL. Measurements of Plasma Zinc. J clin.
Path. 1968;21:359-65.
Wilkinson EAJ, Hawke CI. Does Oral Zinc Aid The Healing of Chronic
Leg Ulcers. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134:1556-60
Dardenne M. Zinc and Immune Function. European Journal of Clinical
Nutrition 2002;56:S20-S23
Prasad AS. Zinc: role in immunity, oxidative stress and chronic
inflammation. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
2009; 12: 646-52
Sopiyudin Dahlan M. Menentukan Rumus Besar Sampel. Dalam : Dewi JI,
editor. Besar Sampel dan Cara Pengambilan Sampel dalam Penelitian
Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. Edisi ke-2. Jakarta : Salemba Medika; 2009.
h.17-32.
Grofova Z, Bures I, Buresova Z, Samaranska J. Zinc levels znd total
antioxidant status in patients with chronic wounds, 2006. Diunduh dari
www.researchgate.net. Diperbaharui tanggal 3 Mei 2014.
Rojas AI,Philips TJ. Patients with chronic leg ulcers show diminished levels
of vitamins A and E, carotenes and zinc. Dermatol Surg. 1999; 25: 601-4.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
58
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
Devrajani BR, Ali Shah SZ, Ali Shaikh M. Serum Zinc level in patients with
pneumonia: a six-month long cross-sectional descriptive study at Liaquat
University Hospital Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. J pak. Med. Assoc. 2013;
63 (3): 369-72.
Rai V, Iyer U, Mani I, Mani UV. Serum Biochemical Changes in Insulin
Dependent and Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and their Role in
the Development of Secondary Complications. Int. J. Diab. Dev. Countries
1997; 17: 33-7.
Molokwu CO, Li YV. Zinc Homeostasis and Bone Mineral Density. Ohio
Research and Clinical Review 2006; 15: 7-12.
Relea P, Revilla M, Ripoll E, Arribas I, Villa LV, Rico H. Zinc,
Biochemical Markers of Nutrition, and Type I Osteoporosis. Age and
Ageing 1995; 24 (4):302-7.
Shekokar PP, Kaundinya SD. Study of serum zinc in diabetes mellitus.
Indian Journal of Basic & Applied Medical Research 2013; 2 (8): 977-83.
Desneves KJ, Todorovic BE, Cassar A, Crowe TC. Treatment with
supplementary arginine, vitamin C and zinc in patients with pressure ulcers:
a randomised controlled trial. Cli Nutr. 2005; 24(6): 979-87
Mazzota MY. Nutrition and Wound Healing. Journal of the American
Podiatric Medical Association, 1994. Diunduh dari www.japmaonline.org/
doi/87507315-84-9-456. Diperbaharui tanggal 7 April 2014.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Harding KG, Jeffcoate WJ. Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Diunduh dari
http//image.thelancet.com/extras/02art6190web.pdf.
Diperbaharui
25
Februari 2013.
Beeckman D, et al. EPUAP classification system for pressure ulcers:
European reliability study. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2007;60(6): 68291.
O’Toole EA, Mellerio JE. Wound Healing. Dalam: Burns T, Breathnach s,
Cox N, Griffits C, editor. Rook’s Textbook of Dermatology. Edisi ke-8.
USA: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010. h.14.1- 9
Korting HC, Schollmann C, White RJ. Management of Minor Acute
Cutaneous Wound: Importance of Wound Healing in A Moist Environment.
JEADV 2011; 25: 130-7
Boateng JS, Matthews KR, Stevens HNE, Eccleston GM. Wound Healing
Dressings and Drug Delivery System: A Review. Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences 2008; 97 (8): 2892-923
Mulder M. Assessment of a patient with a wound. Wound Healing Southern
Africa 2009; 2(1): 17-20.
Toy LW, Macera L. Evidence-Based Review of Silver Dressing Use on
Chronic Wounds. Journal of American academy of Nurse Practitioners
2011; 23: 183-92
De la Torre JI, Molnar JA. Chronic Wounds. Diunduh dari http://emedicine.
Medscape.com/article/1298452-overview. Diperbaharui terakhir tanggal 5
Desember 2011
Kujath P, Michelsen A. Wound – From Physiology to Wound Dressing.
Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2008; 105(13): 239-48
Falanga V, Iwarnoto S. Wound Repair; Mechanisme and Practical
Considerations . Dalam: Wolff K, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA,
Paller AS, Leffell DJ, editor. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General
Medicine. Edisi ke-7. New York: McGraw Hill; 2008. h.2342-9
PhilipsLG, Mancoll JS, Burns JL. Impairments to Wound Healing. Clin
Plastic Surg. 2003; 30: 47-56
FB. Pretorius. Literature Study Iluson®Ointment. Departement of Surgery
Universitas
Hospital
Bloemfontein,
2009.
Diunduh
dari
http://ilosun.co.za/MicrosoftWord0IlusonLiteraturestudy.pdf. Diperbaharui
21 Maret 2013.
Samman S. Challenges and Oppotunities in The Assessment of Zinc Status.
Nutrition & Dietetics 2011;68:95-6
Wong CP, HO E. Zinc and Its Role in Age-Related Inflammation and
Immune Dysfunction. Mol.Nutr.Food Res. 2012; 56: 77-87
Cummings JE, Kovacic JP. The Ubiquitous Role of Zinc in Health and
Disease. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 2009;19(3):
215-40
Lansdown ABG, et all. Zinc in Wound Healing: Theoretical, Experimental,
and Clinical Aspects. Wound Rep Reg. 2007;15:2-16
Universitas Sumatera Utara
56
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
Baumgartner TG. Trace Elements and Wound Healing. Dalam: Molnar J,
editor. Nutrition and Wound Healing.New York: CRC Press; 2007. h. 173211
Rahman NMA, Al-shamma’a2 K, Al-Ahmady SK. Study the effect of
Zinc/or Vit.D3 on Percentage of Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Iraqi
Patients. International Journal Of Advances In Pharmacy, Biology And
Chemistry 2013; 2(4): 600-5
Desneves KJ, Todorovic BE, Cassar A, Crowe TC. Treatment with
supplementary arginine, vitamin C and zinc in patients with pressure ulcers:
A randomised controlled trial. Clinical Nutrition 2005; 24: 979-87
Dorner B, Posthauer ME, Thomas D. The Role of Nutrition in Pressure
Ulcer Prevention and Treatment. National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel
White Paper, 2009. Diunduh dari www.npuap./Nutrition-White-PaperWebsit. Diperbaharui 25 Maret 2014.
Bozkurt F, Gulsun S, Ustun C, faruk Geyik M, Tegin I, Satici O. The role
of trace elements in wagner classified diabetic patients. African Journal of
Microbiology Research 2011; 5(28): 5085-9.
Lazarus GS, et all. Definitions and Quidelines for Assessment of Wounds
and Evaluation of Healing. Wound Rep Reg 1994;2:165-70
J Fletcher. Differences Between Acute and Chronic Wounds and The Role
of Wound Bed Preparation. Nursing Standard 2008;22(24):62-8
Brolmann FE, et all. Evidence-Based Decisions for Local and Systemic
Wound Care. British Journal of Surgery 2012; 99: 1172-83
Schultz GS, et all. Wound Bed Preparation: A Systematic Approach to
Wound Management. Wound Rep Reg 2003; 11: 1-28
Streit M, Beleznay Z, Braathen L. Topical Application of The Tumour
Necrosis Factor-α Antibody Infliximab Improves healing of Chronic
Wounds. Int Wound J 2006;3:171-9
Chrisman CA. Care of Chronich Wounds in Palliativa Care and End-Life
Patients. International Wound Journal 2010; 7(4): 214-35
Carter RF, Nwormeh B, Lanning DA. Wound Healing. Dalam: Ameh EA,
Blickler SW, Lakhoo K, Nwomeh BC, Poenaru D, editor. Paediatric
Surgery: A Comprehensif Text For Africa. Seattle,WA,USA: Global Help
Organization; 2011. h.40-6
Sarwono Waspadji. Kaki Diabetes. Dalam : Sudoyo WA, Setiyohadi B,
Alwi I, Simardibrata M, Setiati S, editor. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam.
Ed ke-4. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2006. h. 1933-47.
Kalus AA, Chien AJ, Olerud JE. Diabetes Melitus and Others Endocrine
Diseases. Dalam: Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. Ed ke- 7.
New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008. h. 1461-9.
American Diabetes Association (ADA). Diagnosis and classifications of
Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2004; 27(1): S5-S10.
Sibuea R. Karakteristik penderita DM rawat inap di RSUP H. Adam Malik
Medan periode 1 Januari 2009 s.d. 31 Desember 2009 (Karya tulis ilmiah).
Medan: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan; 2010.
Rebolledo FA, Teran Soto JM, Escobedo de la pena J. The Pathogenesis of
Foot
Ulcer:
Prevention
and
Management.
Diunduh
dari
www.intechopen.com/download/pdf/24693. Diperbaharui 2 Mei 2013.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
57
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
Levin ME. An Overview of the Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis, Management
and Prevention of Lesions. INT.J.DIAB.DEV.COUNTRIES. 1994; 14: 3947.
Dini V, Bertone MS, Romanelli M. Prevention and management of pressure
ulcers. Dermatologic Therapy 2006; 19: 356-64.
Mclean s, Kraemer B. Wound Healing and Care. Dalam: Doherty GM,
Lowney JK, Mason JE, Reznik SI, Smith MA, editor. The Washington
Manual of Surgery. Edisi ke-3. St. Louis. Missouri: Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins. 2002. h. 66-72.
Subramaniam K, Pech CM, Stacey MC, Wallace HJ. Induction of MMP-1,
MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in Normal Dermal Fibroblasts by Chronic Venous Leg
Ulcer Wound Fluid. International Wound Journal 2008; 5(1):79-86
Schwartz JR, Marsh RG, Draelos ZD. Zinc and Skin Health : Overview of
Physiology and Pharmacology. Dermatol Surg. 2005; 31:837-47
Roohani N, Hurrell R, Kelishadi R, Schulin R. Zinc and its importance for
human health: An integrative review. J Res Med Sci. 2013; 18: 144-57.
Odeh M. The Role of Zinc in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
Journal of Internal Medicine 1992; 231:463-9
Bhowmik D, Chiranjib, Kumar KPS. A potential medicinal importance of
zinc in human health and chronic disease. Int J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2010;
1(1): 05-11
Baumann L. Nutrition and The Skin. Dalam : Baumann L, Saghari S,
Weissberg E, editor. Cosmetic Dermatology Principles and Practice. Edisi
ke-2. New york : Mc graw Hill; 2009 .h. 45-66
Samman S. Zinc. Nutrition & Dietetics 2007; 64(4): S131-S134
Al-Timimi DJ, Haji MR, Mohammad BY. Zinc status among smokers and
non-smokers: Relation to oxidative stress. Duhok medical journal 2010; 4
(1):67-73
Cassano N, Amoruso A, Vena GA. Zinc Nutritive and Skin : An Overview.
J. Appl.Cosmetol. 2002;20: 183-194
Davies IJT, Musa M, Dormandy TL. Measurements of Plasma Zinc. J clin.
Path. 1968;21:359-65.
Wilkinson EAJ, Hawke CI. Does Oral Zinc Aid The Healing of Chronic
Leg Ulcers. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134:1556-60
Dardenne M. Zinc and Immune Function. European Journal of Clinical
Nutrition 2002;56:S20-S23
Prasad AS. Zinc: role in immunity, oxidative stress and chronic
inflammation. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
2009; 12: 646-52
Sopiyudin Dahlan M. Menentukan Rumus Besar Sampel. Dalam : Dewi JI,
editor. Besar Sampel dan Cara Pengambilan Sampel dalam Penelitian
Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. Edisi ke-2. Jakarta : Salemba Medika; 2009.
h.17-32.
Grofova Z, Bures I, Buresova Z, Samaranska J. Zinc levels znd total
antioxidant status in patients with chronic wounds, 2006. Diunduh dari
www.researchgate.net. Diperbaharui tanggal 3 Mei 2014.
Rojas AI,Philips TJ. Patients with chronic leg ulcers show diminished levels
of vitamins A and E, carotenes and zinc. Dermatol Surg. 1999; 25: 601-4.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
58
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
Devrajani BR, Ali Shah SZ, Ali Shaikh M. Serum Zinc level in patients with
pneumonia: a six-month long cross-sectional descriptive study at Liaquat
University Hospital Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. J pak. Med. Assoc. 2013;
63 (3): 369-72.
Rai V, Iyer U, Mani I, Mani UV. Serum Biochemical Changes in Insulin
Dependent and Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus and their Role in
the Development of Secondary Complications. Int. J. Diab. Dev. Countries
1997; 17: 33-7.
Molokwu CO, Li YV. Zinc Homeostasis and Bone Mineral Density. Ohio
Research and Clinical Review 2006; 15: 7-12.
Relea P, Revilla M, Ripoll E, Arribas I, Villa LV, Rico H. Zinc,
Biochemical Markers of Nutrition, and Type I Osteoporosis. Age and
Ageing 1995; 24 (4):302-7.
Shekokar PP, Kaundinya SD. Study of serum zinc in diabetes mellitus.
Indian Journal of Basic & Applied Medical Research 2013; 2 (8): 977-83.
Desneves KJ, Todorovic BE, Cassar A, Crowe TC. Treatment with
supplementary arginine, vitamin C and zinc in patients with pressure ulcers:
a randomised controlled trial. Cli Nutr. 2005; 24(6): 979-87
Mazzota MY. Nutrition and Wound Healing. Journal of the American
Podiatric Medical Association, 1994. Diunduh dari www.japmaonline.org/
doi/87507315-84-9-456. Diperbaharui tanggal 7 April 2014.
Universitas Sumatera Utara