Identifikasi Dermatofita dan Superinfeksi Bakteri pada Tinea Pedis di RSUP H.Adam Malik Medan
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1. Rippon JW. Cutaneous infections. Dermatophytosis and Dermatomycosis. In:
Medical Mycology.3th ed.Philadelphia: WB Saunders,1988. p.169- 85.
2. Schieke SM, Garg A. Superficial fungal infection. In: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI,
Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors. Fitzpatrick’s
Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill
Companies Inc; 2012.p.2277-97.
3. Hay RJ, Ashbee HR. Mycology. In: Burn T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C,
editor. Rook’s Text Book of Dermatology. 8th Ed. United State: Black-Well;
2010.p.1657-725.
4. Handog EB, Dayrit JF. Mycology in the Philippines, revisited.
Jpn.J.Med.Mycol [internet]. 2005[ cited 2015 Jul 8 ]; 46:71-6. Available from:
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjmm1990/46/2/46_2_79/_pdf.
5. Cheng S, Chong L. A prospective epidemiological study on tinea pedis and
onychomycosis in Hongkong. Chin Med J (Engl)[internet]. 2002[ cited 2015
Jul
8
];
46(2):81-6.
Available
from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12123553.
6. Tan HH. Superficial fungal infections seen at the National Skin Centre,
Singapore. Jpn J Med Mycol [internet]. 2005 [ cited 2015 Jul 8 ]; 115: 860-5.
Available
from:
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjmm1990/46/2/46_2_77/_pdf
7. Tarigan EA. Spesies dermatofita dan beberapa faktor predisposisi penyebab
tinea pedis di suatu asrama pendidikan militer [Tesis]. Medan : Universitas
Sumatera Utara; 2009.
8. Harahap HG. Pola penyakit kulit akibat infeksi jamur superfisial di
Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Haji Adam Malik
Medan periode Januari 2009 – Desember 20012 [ KTI]. Medan: FK USU,
2013.
9. Ilkit M, Durdu M. Tinea pedis: the etiology and global epidemiology of a
common fungal infection. Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 2014; 1-15. doi:
10.3109/1040841X.2013.856853.
10. Havlickova B, Czaika VA, Friedrich M. Epidemiological trends in skin
mycoses worldwide. Mycoses. 2008; 51 (4): 2–15. doi: 10.1111/j.14390507.2008.01606.x.
11. Leyden JJ, Kligman AM. Interdigital athlete’s foot. The interaction of
dermatophytes and resident bacteria. Arch Dermatol [ internet ]. 1978
[
cited 2015 Jul 8 ]; 114:
1466-72.
Available
from:
http://archderm.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=539336
12. Masri-Fridling GD. Dermatophytosis of the feet. Dermatol Clin. 1996; 14 (1):
33-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0733-8635(05)70322-3
13. Leyden JJ. Progression of interdigital infections from simplex to complex.
J
Am
Acad
Dermatol.
1993;
28(5)1:
S7-11.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(09)80301-0.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
14. Chuku A, Nwankiti OO. Association of Bacteria with fungal infection of skin
and soft tissue lesions in Plateau State, Nigeria. British Microbiology
Research Journal. 2013; 3(4): 470-7. doi : 10.9734/BMRJ/2013/4188.
15. Seebacher C, Bouchara JP. Updates on the epidemiology of dermatophyte
infections.Mycopathologia. 2008; 166: 335-52. doi: 10.1007/s11046-0089100-9.
16. Mainiadi. Infeksi sekunder pada dermatofitosis di Poliklinik Penyakit Kulit
dan Kelamin RSUP. H.Adam Malik Medan [Tesis]. Medan: Universitas
Sumatera Utara;2003.
17. Friedrich M. Inflammatory tinea pedis with bacterial superinfection effectively
treated with isoconazole nitrate and diflucortolone valerate combination
therapy. Mycoses. 2013: 56(1): 23-5. doi: 10.1111/myc.12056.
18. Guttman C. Secondary bacterial infection often accompanies interdigital tinea
pedis. Dermatol Times [internet]. 1999 [cited 2015 Apr 5]; 20(4):1. Available
from: http://search.proquest.com/docview/231133032?accountid=50257.
19. Gupta AK, Skinner AR, Cooper EA. Interdigital tinea pedis (dermatophytosis
simplex and complex) and treatment with ciclopirox 0,77% gel. Int J
Dermatol. 2003; 42(1): 23-7.
20. Hay RJ, Campbell CK, Wingfield R, Clayton YM. A comparative study of
dermatophytosis in coal miners and dermatological outpatients. British Journal
of Industrial Medicine [internet]. 1983 [cited 2015 Apr 5]; 40:353-5.
Available from: http://oem.bmj.com/content/40/3/353.full.pdf
21. Cohen AD, Wolak A, Alkan M, Shalev R, Vardy DA. Prevalence and risk
factors for tinea pedis in Israeli soldiers. Int J Dermatol. 2005; 44(12): 1002-5.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2005.02281.x.
22. Sabadin CS, Tomimori J, Benvegnu SA, da Fontoura MMC, Saggin LMF,
Fischman O. Onychomycosis and tinea pedis in athletes from the State of Rio
Grande Do Sul (Brazil): a cross sectional study. Mycopathologia. 2011; 171:
183-189. doi: 10.1007/s11046-010-9360-z.
23. Weitzman I, Summerbell RC. The dermatophytes. Clinical Microbiology
Reviews [internet]. 2002 [ cited 2015 August 30 ]; 8(2): 240-59. Available
from: http://cmr.asm.org/content/8/2/240.full.pdf+html.
24. Arenas R. Dermatophytosis. In: Arenas R, Estrada R, editors. Tropical
Dermatology. Texas: Landes Bioscience; 2001. p.1-13.
25. Week J, Moser SA, Elewski BE. Superficial cutaneous fungal infections. In :
Dismukes WE, Pappas PG, Sobel JD, editors. Clinical Mycology.
New
York: Oxford University Press, 2003; p.367-87.
26. Lakshmipathy DT, Kannabiran K. Review on dermatomycoses: pathogenesis
and treatment. 2010; 2(7): 726-31. doi:10.4236/ns.2010.27090.
27. Nenoff P, Kruger C, Ginter-Hanselmayer G, Tietz HJ. Mycology - an update.
Part1: Dermatomycoses: causative agents, epidemiology and pathogenesis.
JDDG. 2014; 188-206. doi: 10.1111/ddg.12245.
28. Ryan KJ. Characteristics of fungi. In: Ryan KJ, Ray GG, editors. Sherris
Medical Microbiology an Introduction of Infection Disease. 4th Ed. United
State: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2004.p.631-8.
29. Brasch J. Pathogenesis of tinea. JDDG. 2010; 8:780-785. doi: 10.1111/j.16100387.2010.07481.x.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
30. Romani L. Immunity to fungal infections. Nature Review 2004; 4: 1-13.
doi:10.1038/nri1255.
31. Castanedo-Tardan MP, Zug KA. Allergic Contact Dermatitis. In: Goldsmith
LA, Katz SI, Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors.
Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGrawHill Companies Inc; 2012.p.152-64.
32. Kundu RV, Garg A.Yeast Infections: Candidiasis, Tinea (Pityriasis)
Versicolor, and Malassezia (Pityrosporum) Folliculitis. In: Goldsmith LA,
Katz SI, Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors.
Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGrawHill Companies Inc; 2012.p.2298-311.
33. Craft N. Superficial Cutaneous Infections and Pyodermas. In: Goldsmith LA,
Katz SI, Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors.
Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGrawHill Companies Inc; 2012.p.2128-47.
34. Gudjonsson JE, Elder JT. Psoriasis. In: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchesrt BA,
Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology In
General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc;
2012.p.197-231.
35. Carroll KC. Bacteriology. In: Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA,
Mietzner TA, editors. Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology.
26th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc; 2013. p.162-316.
36. Craft N. Bacterial disease: general consideration. In: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI,
Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editor. Fitzpatrick’s
Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill
Companies Inc; 2012.p.2121-7.
37. Grice EA, Segre JA. The skin microbiome. Nature Reviews.Microbiology.
2011; 9: 244-253. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2537.
38. Hay RJ, Adriaans BM. Bacterial infections. In: Burn T, Breathnach S, Cox N,
Griffiths C, editors. Rook’s Text Book of Dermatology. 8th Ed. United State:
Black-Well; 2010.p. 1345-94.
39. Chiller K, Selkin BA, Murakawa GJ. Skin microflora and bacterial infections
of the skin. J Invest Dermatol Symposium Proceedings. 2001; 6: 170-4.
doi:10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.00043.x.
40. Findley K, Oh J, Yang J, Conlan S, Deming C, Meyer JA et al. Topographic
diversity of fungal and bacterial communities in human skin. Nature. 2013;
498: 367-72. doi:10.1038/nature12171.
41. Abramson C. Athlete’s foot caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Clinics in
Dermatology. 1983; 1(1): 14-24.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0738081X(83)90037-8.
42. Robert R, Pihet M. Conventional methods for the diagnosis of
dermatophytosis. Mycopathologia. 2008; 166: 295-306. doi: 10.1007/s11046008-9106-3.
43. Garg J, Tilak R, Garg A, Prakash P, Gulati AK, Nath G. Rapid detection of
dermatophytes from skin and hair. BMC Res Notes.2009; 2: 1-6.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
44. Ryan KJ, Ray CG. Principles of laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases.
In: Ryan KJ, Ray GG, editors. Sherris Medical Microbiology an Introduction
of Infection Disease. 4th Ed. United State: The McGraw-Hill Companies;
2004. p. 229-58.
45. Morse SA, Meitzner TA. Cultivation of microorganisms. In: Brooks GF,
Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA, Mietzner TA, editors. Jawetz, Melnick, &
Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology]. 26th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill
Companies Inc; 2013. p. 67-75.
46. Kurniawati RD. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian tinea pedis
pada pemulung di TPA Jatibarang Semarang. [Tesis]. Semarang : Universitas
Diponegoro; 2006.
47. Aste N, Pau M, Aste N, Biggio. Tinea pedis observed in Cagliari, Italy,
between 1996 and 2000. Mycoses. 2003; 46: 38-41. DOI: 10.1046/j.14390507.2003.00794.x
48. Ungpakorn R, Lohaprathan S, Reangchainam S. Prevalence of foot diseases in
outpatients attending the Institute of Dermatology, Bangkok, Thailand.
Clinical
and
Experimental
Dermatology.
2004;
29:
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2004.01446.x
49. Wahab MA, Begum R, Hassan BS, Islam MZ,Bhuiyan I, Khondker L. Tinea
pedis: a clinical dilemma in Bangladeshi population. Journal of Pakistan
Association of Dermatologists[ internet ]. 2010[ cited 2016 Des 13 ]; 20: 23-7.
Available from: ww.jpad.org.pk/.../6.original%20article%20tinea%20pedis%
50. Elmegeed ASMA, Ouf SA, Moussa TAA, Eltahlawi SMR. Dermatophytes
and other associated fungi in patients attending to some hospitals in Egypt.
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2015; 46(3): 799-805. DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-838246320140615
51. El Fekih N, Belghith I, Trabelsi S, Skhiri-Aounallah H, Khaled S, Fazaa B.
Epidemiological and Etiological Study of Foot Mycosis in Tunisia.Actas
Dermosifiliogr [internet].2012 [cited 2015 Apr 29];103(6):520-4. Available
from: http://www.actasdermo.org
52. Szepietowski JC, Reich A, Garlowska E, Kulig M, Baran E. Factors
influencing coexistence of toenail onychomycosis with tinea pedis and other
dermatomycoses. Arch Dermatol. 2006 ; 142 : 1279 - 84.
doi:10.1001/archderm.142.10.1279.
53. Viegas C, Sabino R, Parada H, Brandão J, Carolino E, Rosado L et al.
Diagnosis of Tinea pedis and onychomycosis in patients from Portuguese
National Institute of Health: a four-year study. Saúde & tecnologia [ internet ].
2013[ cited 2016 Des 13 ]; 10: 36-41. Available from:
https://www.estesl.ipl.pt/sites/default/files/.../artigo_6_n10.pdf.
54. Jamaliyah. Profil dermatomikosis superfisial pada pekerja pabrik tahu di desa
Mabar Kecamatan Medan Deli. [Tesis]. Medan : Universitas Sumatera Utara;
2014.
55. Sahin I, Kaya D, Parlak AH, Oksuz S, Behcet M. Dermatophytoses in forestry
workers and farmers.Mycoses. 2005; 48(4): 260-4. DOI: 10.1111/j.14390507.2005.01135.x
Universitas Sumatera Utara
56. Erbagci Z, Tuncel AA, Zer Y, Balci I. A prospective epidemiologic survey on
the prevalence of onychomycosis and dermatophytosis in male boarding
school residents. Mycopathologia. 2005; 159: 347–352. DOI:
10.1007/s11046-004-5493-2
57. Kawai M, Suzuki T, Hiruma M, Ikeda S. A retrospective cohort study of tinea
pedis and tinea unguium in inpatients in a Psychiatric Hospital. Med.Mycol.J.
2014; 55E: E35-41.
58. Ng K P, Soo-Hoo T S, Na S L, Ang L S. Dermatophytes isolated from patients
in University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Mycopathologia. 2002; 155:
203-6.
59. Pandey A, Pandey M. Isolation and characterization of dermatophytes with
tinea infections at Gwalior (m.p.), India. International Journal of
Pharmaceutical Science Invention[ internet ].2013[ cited 2016 Des 13 ];
2(2):5-8. Available from: www.ijpsi.org.
60. Mahmoudabadi AZ. A study of dermatophytosis in South West of Iran
(Ahwaz). Mycopathologia.2005;160: 21–4. DOI: 10.1007/s11046-005-7458-5
61. Djeridane A, Djeridane Y, Ammar-Khodja A. Epidemiological and
aetiological study on tinea pedis and onychomycosis in Algeria. Mycoses.
2006; 49(3):190-6. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2006.01230.
62. Rippon JW. Common Laboratory contaminants. In: Medical Mycology.3th
ed.Philadelphia: WB Saunders,1988. p.741-71.
63. Hafeez ZH, Bayles C, Aly R. Clinical Relation between the Left and Right
Foot in Tinea pedis. Exog Dermatol. 2002;1:219. DOI: 10.1159/000066143
64. Ahmad S, Aman S, Hussain I, Haroon TS. A clinico-etiological study of toe
web fungal infection. Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists.
2003; 13: 62-6.
65. Al Hasan M, Fitzgerald SM, Saoudian M, Krishnaswamy G. Dermatology for
the practicing allergist: Tinea pedis and its complications. Clinical and
Molecular Allergy[internet]. 2004 [cited 2016 Des 13]; 2:5. Available from:
http://www.clinicalmolecularallergy.com/content/2/1/
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1. Rippon JW. Cutaneous infections. Dermatophytosis and Dermatomycosis. In:
Medical Mycology.3th ed.Philadelphia: WB Saunders,1988. p.169- 85.
2. Schieke SM, Garg A. Superficial fungal infection. In: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI,
Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors. Fitzpatrick’s
Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill
Companies Inc; 2012.p.2277-97.
3. Hay RJ, Ashbee HR. Mycology. In: Burn T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C,
editor. Rook’s Text Book of Dermatology. 8th Ed. United State: Black-Well;
2010.p.1657-725.
4. Handog EB, Dayrit JF. Mycology in the Philippines, revisited.
Jpn.J.Med.Mycol [internet]. 2005[ cited 2015 Jul 8 ]; 46:71-6. Available from:
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjmm1990/46/2/46_2_79/_pdf.
5. Cheng S, Chong L. A prospective epidemiological study on tinea pedis and
onychomycosis in Hongkong. Chin Med J (Engl)[internet]. 2002[ cited 2015
Jul
8
];
46(2):81-6.
Available
from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12123553.
6. Tan HH. Superficial fungal infections seen at the National Skin Centre,
Singapore. Jpn J Med Mycol [internet]. 2005 [ cited 2015 Jul 8 ]; 115: 860-5.
Available
from:
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjmm1990/46/2/46_2_77/_pdf
7. Tarigan EA. Spesies dermatofita dan beberapa faktor predisposisi penyebab
tinea pedis di suatu asrama pendidikan militer [Tesis]. Medan : Universitas
Sumatera Utara; 2009.
8. Harahap HG. Pola penyakit kulit akibat infeksi jamur superfisial di
Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Haji Adam Malik
Medan periode Januari 2009 – Desember 20012 [ KTI]. Medan: FK USU,
2013.
9. Ilkit M, Durdu M. Tinea pedis: the etiology and global epidemiology of a
common fungal infection. Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 2014; 1-15. doi:
10.3109/1040841X.2013.856853.
10. Havlickova B, Czaika VA, Friedrich M. Epidemiological trends in skin
mycoses worldwide. Mycoses. 2008; 51 (4): 2–15. doi: 10.1111/j.14390507.2008.01606.x.
11. Leyden JJ, Kligman AM. Interdigital athlete’s foot. The interaction of
dermatophytes and resident bacteria. Arch Dermatol [ internet ]. 1978
[
cited 2015 Jul 8 ]; 114:
1466-72.
Available
from:
http://archderm.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=539336
12. Masri-Fridling GD. Dermatophytosis of the feet. Dermatol Clin. 1996; 14 (1):
33-9. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0733-8635(05)70322-3
13. Leyden JJ. Progression of interdigital infections from simplex to complex.
J
Am
Acad
Dermatol.
1993;
28(5)1:
S7-11.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(09)80301-0.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
14. Chuku A, Nwankiti OO. Association of Bacteria with fungal infection of skin
and soft tissue lesions in Plateau State, Nigeria. British Microbiology
Research Journal. 2013; 3(4): 470-7. doi : 10.9734/BMRJ/2013/4188.
15. Seebacher C, Bouchara JP. Updates on the epidemiology of dermatophyte
infections.Mycopathologia. 2008; 166: 335-52. doi: 10.1007/s11046-0089100-9.
16. Mainiadi. Infeksi sekunder pada dermatofitosis di Poliklinik Penyakit Kulit
dan Kelamin RSUP. H.Adam Malik Medan [Tesis]. Medan: Universitas
Sumatera Utara;2003.
17. Friedrich M. Inflammatory tinea pedis with bacterial superinfection effectively
treated with isoconazole nitrate and diflucortolone valerate combination
therapy. Mycoses. 2013: 56(1): 23-5. doi: 10.1111/myc.12056.
18. Guttman C. Secondary bacterial infection often accompanies interdigital tinea
pedis. Dermatol Times [internet]. 1999 [cited 2015 Apr 5]; 20(4):1. Available
from: http://search.proquest.com/docview/231133032?accountid=50257.
19. Gupta AK, Skinner AR, Cooper EA. Interdigital tinea pedis (dermatophytosis
simplex and complex) and treatment with ciclopirox 0,77% gel. Int J
Dermatol. 2003; 42(1): 23-7.
20. Hay RJ, Campbell CK, Wingfield R, Clayton YM. A comparative study of
dermatophytosis in coal miners and dermatological outpatients. British Journal
of Industrial Medicine [internet]. 1983 [cited 2015 Apr 5]; 40:353-5.
Available from: http://oem.bmj.com/content/40/3/353.full.pdf
21. Cohen AD, Wolak A, Alkan M, Shalev R, Vardy DA. Prevalence and risk
factors for tinea pedis in Israeli soldiers. Int J Dermatol. 2005; 44(12): 1002-5.
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2005.02281.x.
22. Sabadin CS, Tomimori J, Benvegnu SA, da Fontoura MMC, Saggin LMF,
Fischman O. Onychomycosis and tinea pedis in athletes from the State of Rio
Grande Do Sul (Brazil): a cross sectional study. Mycopathologia. 2011; 171:
183-189. doi: 10.1007/s11046-010-9360-z.
23. Weitzman I, Summerbell RC. The dermatophytes. Clinical Microbiology
Reviews [internet]. 2002 [ cited 2015 August 30 ]; 8(2): 240-59. Available
from: http://cmr.asm.org/content/8/2/240.full.pdf+html.
24. Arenas R. Dermatophytosis. In: Arenas R, Estrada R, editors. Tropical
Dermatology. Texas: Landes Bioscience; 2001. p.1-13.
25. Week J, Moser SA, Elewski BE. Superficial cutaneous fungal infections. In :
Dismukes WE, Pappas PG, Sobel JD, editors. Clinical Mycology.
New
York: Oxford University Press, 2003; p.367-87.
26. Lakshmipathy DT, Kannabiran K. Review on dermatomycoses: pathogenesis
and treatment. 2010; 2(7): 726-31. doi:10.4236/ns.2010.27090.
27. Nenoff P, Kruger C, Ginter-Hanselmayer G, Tietz HJ. Mycology - an update.
Part1: Dermatomycoses: causative agents, epidemiology and pathogenesis.
JDDG. 2014; 188-206. doi: 10.1111/ddg.12245.
28. Ryan KJ. Characteristics of fungi. In: Ryan KJ, Ray GG, editors. Sherris
Medical Microbiology an Introduction of Infection Disease. 4th Ed. United
State: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2004.p.631-8.
29. Brasch J. Pathogenesis of tinea. JDDG. 2010; 8:780-785. doi: 10.1111/j.16100387.2010.07481.x.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
30. Romani L. Immunity to fungal infections. Nature Review 2004; 4: 1-13.
doi:10.1038/nri1255.
31. Castanedo-Tardan MP, Zug KA. Allergic Contact Dermatitis. In: Goldsmith
LA, Katz SI, Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors.
Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGrawHill Companies Inc; 2012.p.152-64.
32. Kundu RV, Garg A.Yeast Infections: Candidiasis, Tinea (Pityriasis)
Versicolor, and Malassezia (Pityrosporum) Folliculitis. In: Goldsmith LA,
Katz SI, Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors.
Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGrawHill Companies Inc; 2012.p.2298-311.
33. Craft N. Superficial Cutaneous Infections and Pyodermas. In: Goldsmith LA,
Katz SI, Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors.
Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGrawHill Companies Inc; 2012.p.2128-47.
34. Gudjonsson JE, Elder JT. Psoriasis. In: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchesrt BA,
Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editors. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology In
General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc;
2012.p.197-231.
35. Carroll KC. Bacteriology. In: Brooks GF, Carroll KC, Butel JS, Morse SA,
Mietzner TA, editors. Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology.
26th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc; 2013. p.162-316.
36. Craft N. Bacterial disease: general consideration. In: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI,
Gilchesrt BA, Paller AS, Leffell DJ, Wolff Klaus, editor. Fitzpatrick’s
Dermatology In General Medicine. 8th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill
Companies Inc; 2012.p.2121-7.
37. Grice EA, Segre JA. The skin microbiome. Nature Reviews.Microbiology.
2011; 9: 244-253. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2537.
38. Hay RJ, Adriaans BM. Bacterial infections. In: Burn T, Breathnach S, Cox N,
Griffiths C, editors. Rook’s Text Book of Dermatology. 8th Ed. United State:
Black-Well; 2010.p. 1345-94.
39. Chiller K, Selkin BA, Murakawa GJ. Skin microflora and bacterial infections
of the skin. J Invest Dermatol Symposium Proceedings. 2001; 6: 170-4.
doi:10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.00043.x.
40. Findley K, Oh J, Yang J, Conlan S, Deming C, Meyer JA et al. Topographic
diversity of fungal and bacterial communities in human skin. Nature. 2013;
498: 367-72. doi:10.1038/nature12171.
41. Abramson C. Athlete’s foot caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Clinics in
Dermatology. 1983; 1(1): 14-24.
doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0738081X(83)90037-8.
42. Robert R, Pihet M. Conventional methods for the diagnosis of
dermatophytosis. Mycopathologia. 2008; 166: 295-306. doi: 10.1007/s11046008-9106-3.
43. Garg J, Tilak R, Garg A, Prakash P, Gulati AK, Nath G. Rapid detection of
dermatophytes from skin and hair. BMC Res Notes.2009; 2: 1-6.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
44. Ryan KJ, Ray CG. Principles of laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases.
In: Ryan KJ, Ray GG, editors. Sherris Medical Microbiology an Introduction
of Infection Disease. 4th Ed. United State: The McGraw-Hill Companies;
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