Pembuatan Sediaan Floating Dispersi Padat Klaritromisin dengan Menggunakan Cangkang Kapsul Alginat dan Pengujian Aktivitas Antibakterinya
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Agoes, G. (2008). Sistem Penghantaran Obat Pelepasan Terkendali. Bandung:
Penerbit ITB. Halaman 99.
Anggono, J. (2015). Formulasi dan Evaluasi Pemakaian Cangkang Kapsul Alginat
untuk Pembuatan Sediaan Floating dari Dispersi Padat Aspirin. Skripsi.
Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Halaman 6, 46-49.
Ansel, H.C. (2005). Pengantar Bentuk Sediaan Farmasi. Edisi keempat. Jakarta:
UI Press. Halaman 217-218.
Attwood, D., dan Florence, A.T. (2008). Physical Pharmacy. London:
Pharmaceutical Press. Halaman 301-302.
Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M., dan Ibnsouda, S.K. (2016). Method for in vitro
evaluation antimikrobial activity: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical
Analysis. 6(2):71-79.
Bangun, H., Simanjuntak, M.T., Tarigan, P., dan Ismanelly, T. (2005). Pembuatan
dan Karakterisasi Kapsul Alginat yang Tahan terhadap Asam Lambung.
Media Farmasi 13(1): 70-79.
Belitz, H.D., Grosch, W., dan Schieberle, P. (2009). Food Chemistry. Edisi
Keempat. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Halaman 232.
Berardi, R.R., dan Welage, L.S. (2005). Peptic Ulcer Disease. Dalam:
Pharmacotherapy: A Pathopysiologic Approach. Edisi Keenam. Editor
Joseph T. Dipiro. New York: McGraw-Hill. Halaman 630.
Bharathi, D.Y., Mahalakshmi, K., dan Uma, M.R.V. (2015). An Overview On
Floating Drug Delivery Sytems. International Journal of Innovative
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 3(9): 1419-1432.
Bonev, B., Hopper J., dan Parisot, J. (2008). Principles of Assessing Bacterial
Susceptibility to Antibiotics Using the Agar Diffusion Method. J.
Antimicrob. Chemoter. 61(6): 1-7.
Chiou, W.L., dan Riegelman, S. (1971). Pharmaceutical Application of Solid
Dispersion System. Journal of Pharmaceuticl Science. 60(9): 81-94.
Clinical dan Laboratory Standards Institute. (2007). Performance Standards for
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Sixteenth Informational Supplement.
M100-S16. 26(3): 19.
Dipiro, J., Robert L. Tarbert, Gary C. Yee, Gary L. Martzke, Barbara Wells, L.,
dan Michael, P. (1999). Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach.
Edisi Keenam. New York: Mc-Graw Hill Medical Publishing. Halaman
638.
63
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ditjen POM RI. (1979). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi III. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Halaman 510.
Ditjen POM RI. (1995). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi IV. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Halaman 1066, 1084-1085, 1143-1144.
Ditjen POM RI. (2014). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi V. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Halaman 644-645.
Draget, K.I., Smidsrod, O., dan Gudmund, S. (2005). Alginate from Algae.
Weinheim: WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. Halaman 3-4.
Dwivedi, S., dan Kumar, V. (2011). Floating Drug Delievery System - A Concept
of Gastroretention Dosages Form. International Journal of Research in
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences. 2(4): 1413-1414.
Fransiska, E. (2015). Pembuatan dan Evaluasi Sediaan Gastroretentif
Metronidazol dari Flim Alginat-Kitosan yang Ditambahkan HPMC. Tesis.
Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Halaman 32-33.
Fraschini, F., Francesco, S., dan Germana, D. (1993). Clarithromycin Clinical
Pharmacokinetics. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 25(3): 189-204.
Goldberg, A.H., Gibaldi, M., dan Kanig, J. L. (1966). Increasing dissolution rates
and gastrointestinal absorption of drug via solid solutions and eutectic
mixtures II. Experimental evaluation of a eutectic mixture: ureaacetaminophen system. J Pharm Sci. 55(5): 482-487.
Grasdalen, H., Larsen, B., dan Smidsroed, O. (1979). A Proton Magnetic
Resonance Study of the Composition and Sequence Residues in Alginates.
Carbohydr. Res. 68: 23-31.
Guyton, A.C., dan Hall. (2012). Fisiologi Manusia dan Mekanisme Penyakit.
Jakarta: EGC Penerbit Buku Kedokteran. Halaman 606-608.
Irianto, K. (2006). Mikrobiologi Menguak Dunia Mikroorganisme. Jilid I.
Bandung: Yrama Widya. Halaman 56-58.
Isha, C., Nimrata, S, Rana, A.C., dan Surbhi, G. (2012). Oral Sustained Release
Drug Delivery System: An Overview. Internasional Research Journal of
Pharmacy. 3(5): 57-62.
Itai, S.N.M., Kouchiwa, S., Murayama, H., dan Nagai, T. (1985). Influence of
wetting factors on the dissolution behavior of fufenamic acid. Chem
Pharm: Bull. 33(12): 64-73.
Jorgensen, J.H., dan Ferraro, M.J. (2009) Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: a
review of general principles and contemporary practices. Clinical Infection
Disease. (49):1749–1755.
Kumar, P.`, Sanjoo Kumar, Easwari T.S., Shukla V.K., Saraswat Saurabh, dan
Chaudhary, R. (2012). Formulation Development and Evaluation of
64
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Clarithromycin Oral Dosage Form Against Helicobacter
Internasional Research Journal of Pharmacy. 3(4) : 281.
pylori.
Kumar, S.K.P., Bhowmik, D., dan Srivastava, S. (2012). Sustained Release Drug
Delivery System Potential. 1(2): 46-48.
Lee, V.H.L. (1987). Controlled Drug Delivery Fundamentals and Applications:
Introduction. Edisi Kedua. New York: Marcel Dekker INC. Halaman 29.
Leuner, C., dan Dressman, J. (2000). Improving Drug Solubility For Oral
Delivery Using Solid Dispersion. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 40(7): 47-60.
Levy, G. (1963). Effect of Certain Tablet Formulation Factors on Dissolution Rate
of the Active Ingredient I. Importance of Using Appropriate Agitation
Intensities for In Vitro Dissolution Rate Measurements to Reflect In Vivo
Conditions. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 52(11): 1039-1046.
Margareth, R.C.M., Cole., E., Kruep, D., Gray, V., Murachanian, D., Brown,
W.E., dan Giancaspro. (2009). Liquid-filled Gelatine Capsules.
Pharmacopeial Forum. 35(4): 1032-1033.
Morris, E.R., Rees, D.A., dan Thom, D. (1980). Characterisation of Alginates
Composition and Block Structure by Circular Dichroism. Carbohydrate
Research. 81(2): 305-310.
Murthy, K.S., dan Ghebre-Selasie, I. (1993). Current Perspectives on the
Dissolution Stability of Solid Oral Dosage Forms. Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences. 82(2):113-126.
Nagata, S. (2002). Advantages to HPMC Capsules: A New Generation’s. Pharm
Tech. 2(2): 5-10.
Narang, N. (2010). An Updated Review On: Floating Drug Delivery System
(FDDS). International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. 3(1): 2-4.
Nayak, A.K., Maji, R., dan Das, B. (2010). Gastroretentive drug delivery systems:
a review. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 3(1): 34.
Neb, G.B., Atram S.C., Udavant Y.K., Salunke R.J., Shahi S.R., Gulecha B.S.,
dan Padalkar, A.N. (2009). Formulation and evaluation of Floating
Capsules of Clarithromycin. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2(8): 13481356.
Neetika, B., dan Manish, G. (2012). Floating Drug Delivery System. International
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Sciences. 1(4): 20-28.
65
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pratiwi, S.T. (2008). Mikrobiologi Farmasi. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga. Halaman
171.
Price, S.A., dan Wilson, L.M. (2005). Patofisiologi: Konsep Klinis Proses-proses
Penyakit. Volume 1. Edisi keenam. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran
EGC. Halaman 423-430.
Rani, A.A., dan Fauzi, A. (2009). Tukak Gaster. Dalam: Sudoyo, A. W.,
Setiyohadi, B. , Alwi,I., Simadibrata, M., dan Setiati, S., Buku Ajar Ilmu
Penyakit Ilmu Dalam Edisi V Jilid I. Jakarta: Interna Publishing. Halaman
501-507.
Shah, S.H., Patel, J.K., dan Patel, N.V. (2009). Stomach Specific Floating Drug
Delivery System: A Review. International Journal of PharmTech
Research. 1(3): 623-633.
Sharma, N., Dilip, A., Gupta, M.K., dan Mahaveer, P.K. (2011). A
Comprehensive Review on Floating Drug Delivery System. International
Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences.
2(2): 428-429.
Simamora, E. R. F. (2014). Studi Pemakaian Cangkang Kapsul Alginat sebagai
Sediaan Floating dari Metronidazol. Skripsi. Medan: Universitas
Sumatera Utara. Halaman 41-54.
Simanjuntak, A. Y. (2016). Pembuatan Sediaan Floating Amoksisilin
Menggunakan Cangkang Kapsul Alginat dan Uji Aktivitas
antibakterinya. Skripsi. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Halaman
31-33.
Simonelli, A.P., Mehta, S.C., dan Higuchi, W.I. (1969). Disolution Rates of High
Energy Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-Sulfathiazole Coprecipitates.
58(5):538-549.
Siregar, C. J. P., dan Wikarsa, S. (2010). Teknologi Farmasi Sediaan Tablet
Dasar-dasar Praktis. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC. Halaman
170-171.
Sunil, K., Amandeep, K., Robin, S., dan Ramica, S. (2012). Peptic Ulcer: A
Review on Etiology and Pathogenesis. International Research Journal of
Pharmacy. 3(6): 34-38.
Syam, A.F., Miftahussurur, M., Dadang, M., Iswan, A.N., Lukman, H.Z.,
Zulkhairi, Fardah, A., Will, B.U., Simanjuntak, D., Uchida, T., Adi, P.,
Utari, A.P., Yudith, A.A.R., Phawinee, S., Nasronudin, Suzuki, R., dan
Yoshio, Y. (2015). Risk Factors and Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in
Five Largest Islands of Indonesia: A Preliminary Study. Plos One: 1-14.
66
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tachibana, T., dan Nakamura, A. (1965). A Method for Preparing an Aqueous
Colloidal Dispersion of Organic Materials by Using Water-Soluble
Polymers: Dispersion of B-Carotene by Polyvinylpyrrolidone. KolloidZeitschrift und Zeitschrift fur Polymere. 203 (2): 130-133.
Thom, D., Toft, K., dan Walsh, M. J. (1980). Interchain Associations of Alginates
and Pectins. Program Food Nutrition Science. 6(8): 97-108.
Voight, R. (1995). Buku Pelajaran Teknologi Farmasi. Edisi Kelima. Yogyakarta:
Gadjah Mada University Press. Halaman 166, 269.
Zhanjiang, F. (1990). Training Manual of Gracilaria Culture and Seaweed
Proscessing in China. Regional Seafarming Development and
Demonstration Project China. http://www.fao.org/docrep/field/003/ab730e
/AB730E04.htm. Diunduh pada tanggal 21 Desember 2016.
67
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Agoes, G. (2008). Sistem Penghantaran Obat Pelepasan Terkendali. Bandung:
Penerbit ITB. Halaman 99.
Anggono, J. (2015). Formulasi dan Evaluasi Pemakaian Cangkang Kapsul Alginat
untuk Pembuatan Sediaan Floating dari Dispersi Padat Aspirin. Skripsi.
Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Halaman 6, 46-49.
Ansel, H.C. (2005). Pengantar Bentuk Sediaan Farmasi. Edisi keempat. Jakarta:
UI Press. Halaman 217-218.
Attwood, D., dan Florence, A.T. (2008). Physical Pharmacy. London:
Pharmaceutical Press. Halaman 301-302.
Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M., dan Ibnsouda, S.K. (2016). Method for in vitro
evaluation antimikrobial activity: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical
Analysis. 6(2):71-79.
Bangun, H., Simanjuntak, M.T., Tarigan, P., dan Ismanelly, T. (2005). Pembuatan
dan Karakterisasi Kapsul Alginat yang Tahan terhadap Asam Lambung.
Media Farmasi 13(1): 70-79.
Belitz, H.D., Grosch, W., dan Schieberle, P. (2009). Food Chemistry. Edisi
Keempat. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. Halaman 232.
Berardi, R.R., dan Welage, L.S. (2005). Peptic Ulcer Disease. Dalam:
Pharmacotherapy: A Pathopysiologic Approach. Edisi Keenam. Editor
Joseph T. Dipiro. New York: McGraw-Hill. Halaman 630.
Bharathi, D.Y., Mahalakshmi, K., dan Uma, M.R.V. (2015). An Overview On
Floating Drug Delivery Sytems. International Journal of Innovative
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 3(9): 1419-1432.
Bonev, B., Hopper J., dan Parisot, J. (2008). Principles of Assessing Bacterial
Susceptibility to Antibiotics Using the Agar Diffusion Method. J.
Antimicrob. Chemoter. 61(6): 1-7.
Chiou, W.L., dan Riegelman, S. (1971). Pharmaceutical Application of Solid
Dispersion System. Journal of Pharmaceuticl Science. 60(9): 81-94.
Clinical dan Laboratory Standards Institute. (2007). Performance Standards for
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Sixteenth Informational Supplement.
M100-S16. 26(3): 19.
Dipiro, J., Robert L. Tarbert, Gary C. Yee, Gary L. Martzke, Barbara Wells, L.,
dan Michael, P. (1999). Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach.
Edisi Keenam. New York: Mc-Graw Hill Medical Publishing. Halaman
638.
63
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ditjen POM RI. (1979). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi III. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Halaman 510.
Ditjen POM RI. (1995). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi IV. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Halaman 1066, 1084-1085, 1143-1144.
Ditjen POM RI. (2014). Farmakope Indonesia. Edisi V. Jakarta: Depkes RI.
Halaman 644-645.
Draget, K.I., Smidsrod, O., dan Gudmund, S. (2005). Alginate from Algae.
Weinheim: WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. Halaman 3-4.
Dwivedi, S., dan Kumar, V. (2011). Floating Drug Delievery System - A Concept
of Gastroretention Dosages Form. International Journal of Research in
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences. 2(4): 1413-1414.
Fransiska, E. (2015). Pembuatan dan Evaluasi Sediaan Gastroretentif
Metronidazol dari Flim Alginat-Kitosan yang Ditambahkan HPMC. Tesis.
Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Halaman 32-33.
Fraschini, F., Francesco, S., dan Germana, D. (1993). Clarithromycin Clinical
Pharmacokinetics. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 25(3): 189-204.
Goldberg, A.H., Gibaldi, M., dan Kanig, J. L. (1966). Increasing dissolution rates
and gastrointestinal absorption of drug via solid solutions and eutectic
mixtures II. Experimental evaluation of a eutectic mixture: ureaacetaminophen system. J Pharm Sci. 55(5): 482-487.
Grasdalen, H., Larsen, B., dan Smidsroed, O. (1979). A Proton Magnetic
Resonance Study of the Composition and Sequence Residues in Alginates.
Carbohydr. Res. 68: 23-31.
Guyton, A.C., dan Hall. (2012). Fisiologi Manusia dan Mekanisme Penyakit.
Jakarta: EGC Penerbit Buku Kedokteran. Halaman 606-608.
Irianto, K. (2006). Mikrobiologi Menguak Dunia Mikroorganisme. Jilid I.
Bandung: Yrama Widya. Halaman 56-58.
Isha, C., Nimrata, S, Rana, A.C., dan Surbhi, G. (2012). Oral Sustained Release
Drug Delivery System: An Overview. Internasional Research Journal of
Pharmacy. 3(5): 57-62.
Itai, S.N.M., Kouchiwa, S., Murayama, H., dan Nagai, T. (1985). Influence of
wetting factors on the dissolution behavior of fufenamic acid. Chem
Pharm: Bull. 33(12): 64-73.
Jorgensen, J.H., dan Ferraro, M.J. (2009) Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: a
review of general principles and contemporary practices. Clinical Infection
Disease. (49):1749–1755.
Kumar, P.`, Sanjoo Kumar, Easwari T.S., Shukla V.K., Saraswat Saurabh, dan
Chaudhary, R. (2012). Formulation Development and Evaluation of
64
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Clarithromycin Oral Dosage Form Against Helicobacter
Internasional Research Journal of Pharmacy. 3(4) : 281.
pylori.
Kumar, S.K.P., Bhowmik, D., dan Srivastava, S. (2012). Sustained Release Drug
Delivery System Potential. 1(2): 46-48.
Lee, V.H.L. (1987). Controlled Drug Delivery Fundamentals and Applications:
Introduction. Edisi Kedua. New York: Marcel Dekker INC. Halaman 29.
Leuner, C., dan Dressman, J. (2000). Improving Drug Solubility For Oral
Delivery Using Solid Dispersion. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 40(7): 47-60.
Levy, G. (1963). Effect of Certain Tablet Formulation Factors on Dissolution Rate
of the Active Ingredient I. Importance of Using Appropriate Agitation
Intensities for In Vitro Dissolution Rate Measurements to Reflect In Vivo
Conditions. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 52(11): 1039-1046.
Margareth, R.C.M., Cole., E., Kruep, D., Gray, V., Murachanian, D., Brown,
W.E., dan Giancaspro. (2009). Liquid-filled Gelatine Capsules.
Pharmacopeial Forum. 35(4): 1032-1033.
Morris, E.R., Rees, D.A., dan Thom, D. (1980). Characterisation of Alginates
Composition and Block Structure by Circular Dichroism. Carbohydrate
Research. 81(2): 305-310.
Murthy, K.S., dan Ghebre-Selasie, I. (1993). Current Perspectives on the
Dissolution Stability of Solid Oral Dosage Forms. Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences. 82(2):113-126.
Nagata, S. (2002). Advantages to HPMC Capsules: A New Generation’s. Pharm
Tech. 2(2): 5-10.
Narang, N. (2010). An Updated Review On: Floating Drug Delivery System
(FDDS). International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. 3(1): 2-4.
Nayak, A.K., Maji, R., dan Das, B. (2010). Gastroretentive drug delivery systems:
a review. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 3(1): 34.
Neb, G.B., Atram S.C., Udavant Y.K., Salunke R.J., Shahi S.R., Gulecha B.S.,
dan Padalkar, A.N. (2009). Formulation and evaluation of Floating
Capsules of Clarithromycin. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2(8): 13481356.
Neetika, B., dan Manish, G. (2012). Floating Drug Delivery System. International
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Sciences. 1(4): 20-28.
65
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pratiwi, S.T. (2008). Mikrobiologi Farmasi. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga. Halaman
171.
Price, S.A., dan Wilson, L.M. (2005). Patofisiologi: Konsep Klinis Proses-proses
Penyakit. Volume 1. Edisi keenam. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran
EGC. Halaman 423-430.
Rani, A.A., dan Fauzi, A. (2009). Tukak Gaster. Dalam: Sudoyo, A. W.,
Setiyohadi, B. , Alwi,I., Simadibrata, M., dan Setiati, S., Buku Ajar Ilmu
Penyakit Ilmu Dalam Edisi V Jilid I. Jakarta: Interna Publishing. Halaman
501-507.
Shah, S.H., Patel, J.K., dan Patel, N.V. (2009). Stomach Specific Floating Drug
Delivery System: A Review. International Journal of PharmTech
Research. 1(3): 623-633.
Sharma, N., Dilip, A., Gupta, M.K., dan Mahaveer, P.K. (2011). A
Comprehensive Review on Floating Drug Delivery System. International
Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences.
2(2): 428-429.
Simamora, E. R. F. (2014). Studi Pemakaian Cangkang Kapsul Alginat sebagai
Sediaan Floating dari Metronidazol. Skripsi. Medan: Universitas
Sumatera Utara. Halaman 41-54.
Simanjuntak, A. Y. (2016). Pembuatan Sediaan Floating Amoksisilin
Menggunakan Cangkang Kapsul Alginat dan Uji Aktivitas
antibakterinya. Skripsi. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Halaman
31-33.
Simonelli, A.P., Mehta, S.C., dan Higuchi, W.I. (1969). Disolution Rates of High
Energy Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-Sulfathiazole Coprecipitates.
58(5):538-549.
Siregar, C. J. P., dan Wikarsa, S. (2010). Teknologi Farmasi Sediaan Tablet
Dasar-dasar Praktis. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC. Halaman
170-171.
Sunil, K., Amandeep, K., Robin, S., dan Ramica, S. (2012). Peptic Ulcer: A
Review on Etiology and Pathogenesis. International Research Journal of
Pharmacy. 3(6): 34-38.
Syam, A.F., Miftahussurur, M., Dadang, M., Iswan, A.N., Lukman, H.Z.,
Zulkhairi, Fardah, A., Will, B.U., Simanjuntak, D., Uchida, T., Adi, P.,
Utari, A.P., Yudith, A.A.R., Phawinee, S., Nasronudin, Suzuki, R., dan
Yoshio, Y. (2015). Risk Factors and Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in
Five Largest Islands of Indonesia: A Preliminary Study. Plos One: 1-14.
66
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tachibana, T., dan Nakamura, A. (1965). A Method for Preparing an Aqueous
Colloidal Dispersion of Organic Materials by Using Water-Soluble
Polymers: Dispersion of B-Carotene by Polyvinylpyrrolidone. KolloidZeitschrift und Zeitschrift fur Polymere. 203 (2): 130-133.
Thom, D., Toft, K., dan Walsh, M. J. (1980). Interchain Associations of Alginates
and Pectins. Program Food Nutrition Science. 6(8): 97-108.
Voight, R. (1995). Buku Pelajaran Teknologi Farmasi. Edisi Kelima. Yogyakarta:
Gadjah Mada University Press. Halaman 166, 269.
Zhanjiang, F. (1990). Training Manual of Gracilaria Culture and Seaweed
Proscessing in China. Regional Seafarming Development and
Demonstration Project China. http://www.fao.org/docrep/field/003/ab730e
/AB730E04.htm. Diunduh pada tanggal 21 Desember 2016.
67
Universitas Sumatera Utara