McLeod_CH04.ppt 268KB Apr 07 2011 01:15:34 AM

Management
Information Systems,
10/e
Raymond McLeod and George
Schell

© 2007 by Prentice Hall

Management Information Systems, 10/e R
aymond McLeod and George Schell

1

Chapter 4
System Users and Developers

© 2007 by Prentice Hall

Management Information Systems, 10/e R
aymond McLeod and George Schell

2

Learning Objectives
► Know

that the organizational content for
systems development and use is changing
from a physical to a virtual structure.
► Know who the information specialists are
and how they can be integrated into an
information services organization.
► Be alert to new directions that the
information services organization may take.

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

3

Learning Objectives (Cont’d)
► Understand

what is meant by “enduser computing” and why it came
about.
► Appreciate that users, especially those
with an end-user computing capability,
are a valuable information resource.
► Know the benefits and risks of enduser computing.
© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

4

Learning Objectives (Cont’d)

► Be

aware of the types of knowledge and skill
that are important to systems development.
► Appreciate the value of managing the
knowledge held by information specialists
and users.
► Recognize the benefits and risks of the
virtual office and the virtual organization.

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

5

Figure 4.1 Information
Systems Support for the

Organization

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

6

Information Services (IS)
Organization
► Information

resources
► Information specialists








System analysts
Database administrators
Webmasters
Network specialists
Programmers
Operators

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

7

IS Organizational Structure
► Trend

from centralized to decentralized
structure.
 Divisional information officer (DIO)

► Innovative

 Partner model
 Platform model
 Scalable model

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

8

Figure 4.3 A Network Model

of Information Services
Organization

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

9

Network Model (Cont’d)
► Visioning

network enables the CIO
to work with top mgmt. in strategic
planning for information resources.
► Innovation network is used by the
CIO to interface with business areas
so that innovations can be developed.

► Sourcing network is utilized to
interface with vendor for acquiring
information resources.
© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

10

End-user Computing
► End-user

computing (EUC) is the
development by users of all or parts of
their information systems.
► EUC has 4 main influences:






The impact of computer education.
The information services backlog.
Low-cost hardware.
Prewritten software.

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

11

Benefits of EUC
► Match

capabilities and challenges.

► Reduce the communication gap.

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

12

Risks of EUC
► Poorly

targeted systems.
► Poorly designed & documented
systems.
► Inefficient use of information
resources.
► Loss of data integrity.
► Loss of security.

► Loss of control.
© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

13

Education Criteria,
Knowledge, & Skills Needed
for
IS
Careers
►
Systems development knowledge

Computer literacy
Information literacy
Business fundamentals
Systems theory
Systems development process
Systems life cycle (SLC) & Systems development
life cycle (SDLC)
 Systems modeling







© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

14

Table 4.1 Knowledge
Requirements

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

15

Education Criteria, …(Cont’d)
► Systems






development skills

Communications skills
Analytical ability
Creativity
Leadership

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

16

Table 4.2 Skills Requirement

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

17

Managing the Knowledge
► Office

automation includes all of the
formal & informal electronic systems
primarily concerned with the
communication of information to and
from persons both inside and outside
the firm.
► Shift from clerical to mangerial
problem solving.
© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

18

Virtual Office
► Telecommuting

describes how
employees could electronically
“commute” to work.
► Hoteling is when the firm provides a
central facility that can be shared by
employees as the need for office space
and support arises.

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

19

Virtual Office (Cont’d)
► Advantages






Reduced facility cost.
Reduced equipment cost.
Reduced work stoppages.
Social contribution.

► Disadvantages

 Low morale.
 Fear of security risks.
© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

20

Virtual Organization
► Three

I Economy is those industries
that are most attracted to the concept
of the virtual office & the virtual
organization and those that add value
in the form of information, ideas, and
intelligence.

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

21

The Human Element
► Most

important ingredient in the
development & use of information
systems.
► Main players



Users
Information specialists

© 2007 by Prentice H
all

Management Information S
ystems, 10/e Raymond Mc

22